R\/C modellerden zevk alman\u0131n ilk kural\u0131 sab\u0131rl\u0131 olmak ve acele etmemektir. Gerek u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n in\u015fa safhas\u0131nda , gerek u\u00e7u\u015f \u00f6ncesi haz\u0131l\u0131klarda gerekse u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda acele etmemek ve sab\u0131rl\u0131 olmak gerekir. Unutmay\u0131n ki hayalinizdeki F-16\u2032y\u0131 yap\u0131p u\u00e7uranlarda sizin gibi e\u011fitim modelleri ile ba\u015flad\u0131lar. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tavsiyeler size se\u00e7ece\u011finiz ilk u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in \u00e7ok faydal\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"http:\/\/imuk.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/ucakkisimlar-1024x724.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n1. Denge:<\/strong> Yeni pilotlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck problemlerinden biriside u\u00e7a\u011fa a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kontrol vermektir.Ancak dengeli modeller yeni ba\u015flayanlara ba\u015far\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck imkanlar sunmaktad\u0131r. Baz\u0131 fakt\u00f6rler u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n dengesini artt\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar \u00fcstten kanat , b\u00fcy\u00fck dihedral a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, y\u00fcksek aspect ratio oran\u0131 ve \u00f6nden tekerlektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131zda u\u00e7ma kabiliyeti:<\/strong> Yava\u015f u\u00e7an modellerde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek ve u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n hareketlerine reaksiyon g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in zaman\u0131n\u0131z daha fazla olacakt\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden flat-bottom airfoilli,b\u00fcy\u00fck kanat y\u00fczeyine sahip,kal\u0131n kanatl\u0131 ve kanat y\u00fcklemesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck modelleri tercih edin. Ancak yava\u015f u\u00e7an modelleri fazla r\u00fczgarl\u0131 g\u00fcnlerde u\u00e7urmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3. Yap\u0131m kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Sa\u011flaml\u0131k :<\/strong> Se\u00e7ece\u011finiz u\u00e7ak yap\u0131m\u0131 kolay ve basit olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Zaten ilk u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z olaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in in\u015faas\u0131nda acemilik \u00e7ekeceksiniz. Ayr\u0131ca biran \u00f6nce bitirip u\u00e7urmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015facaks\u0131n\u0131z. Bunun yan\u0131nda in\u015faa tecr\u00fcbesi kazanacaks\u0131n\u0131z. \u0130lk anda karma\u015f\u0131k bir model hevesinizi k\u0131rabilir. Ayr\u0131ca yeni oldu\u011funuz i\u00e7in s\u0131ks\u0131k u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z hasar g\u00f6recek ve tamir edilmesi gerekecek. Karma\u015f\u0131k bir modelin tamiri basit bir modele g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha zor ve zaman alacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 4. B\u00fcy\u00fck U\u00e7ak :<\/strong> Yeni ba\u015flayanlar u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlayamayacak kadar uza\u011fa g\u00f6nderme e\u011filimi i\u00e7indedir. \u0130yi kontrol i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck \u00f6nemlidir. Bunun i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck yada orta seviyede modeller yeni ba\u015flayanlar i\u00e7in idealdir. Ayr\u0131ca b\u00fcy\u00fck u\u00e7aklar\u0131 kontrol etmek daha kolayd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Model U\u00e7ak Aksesuarlar\u0131 :<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Mente\u015feler (Hinges) :<\/strong> Kontrol y\u00fczeylerini u\u00e7a\u011fa ba\u011flayan par\u00e7alard\u0131r. \u00c7ok\u00e7e\u015fitleri vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Rotlar (Push Rotlar) :<\/strong> Servodan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 hareketi kontrol hornlar\u0131na (Boynuzlar\u0131na) ileten par\u00e7alard\u0131r. Plastik veya tahtadan olabilirler. Plastik olanlar\u0131 esnek olup, daha kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Flex Cables :<\/strong> Bisikletlerin fren telleri gibi olan ,ve gaz koluna servo hareketini ileten par\u00e7ad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yak\u0131t Tank\u0131 (Fuel Tank):<\/strong> U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n yak\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7inde bulundurur. Yuvarlak veya kare kesitli olabilir. Yak\u0131t tank tablosu Yak\u0131t Hortumu (Fuel Tubing) : Genelde silikon esasl\u0131 olup metil alkol\u00fcn eritici \u00f6zelli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r. Yak\u0131t\u0131n depodan al\u0131n\u0131p motora g\u00f6nderilmesinde ve eksoz gaz\u0131 tazyi\u011fini yak\u0131t deposuna g\u00f6ndermekte kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tekerlekler (Wheels) :<\/strong> Bir \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fit tekerlek vard\u0131r. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne g\u00f6re ebatlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fir. Motor Ba\u011flant\u0131 Yata\u011f\u0131 (Engine Mount) : Motor ba\u011flant\u0131 yata\u011f\u0131 firewall denen u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n burnundaki panele tak\u0131l\u0131r. Motor bu yata\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerine ba\u011flan\u0131r. \u00c7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc ve tiptedirler. Genellikle naylon (Glass-filed nylon) motor yataklar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bunun sebebi u\u00e7ak d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ilk \u00f6nce k\u0131r\u0131larak motorun ciddi hasarlanmas\u0131na engel olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Civata ve Somunlar (Bolts and Nuts) :<\/strong> Ba\u011flant\u0131 elamanlar\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Lastik Bantlar (Rubber Bands):<\/strong> Kanad\u0131 g\u00f6vdeye tutturmaya yarar. Bunun sebebi kaza an\u0131nda koparak kanad\u0131n fazla zarar g\u00f6rmesini engellemektir.Ancak zamanla motordan \u00e7\u0131kan ya\u011flardan etkilendi\u011finden \u00f6zelli\u011fini yitirir.Bu y\u00fczden peryodik olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kaplama malzemesi(Covering):<\/strong> U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n d\u0131\u015f g\u00f6vdesinin kapland\u0131\u011f\u0131 malzemedir. (Monokot, ekonokot).Is\u0131 ile yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar.Ancak k\u00f6p\u00fck kanatl\u0131 modellerde kaplama malzemesi olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u0131s\u0131da yap\u0131\u015fanlar kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Spinner: U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunan koni \u015feklindeki par\u00e7ad\u0131r.Pervane ile kombine olarak tak\u0131l\u0131r. Elektrikli \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda motorun kolay \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc ve aerodinami\u011finide etkiler. De\u011fi\u015fik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc ve renklerde mevcuttur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Collars:<\/strong> Tekerleklerin ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131 \u00fczerinde sa\u011fa sola gezinmesini engelleyen par\u00e7alard\u0131r.Her tekerlek i\u00e7in iki tane kullan\u0131lmas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck fayda vard\u0131r. \u00d6zel s\u00fcnger(Foam Rubber): U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n yak\u0131t tank\u0131n\u0131 ve elektronik par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n etraf\u0131na sar\u0131l\u0131r.Kaza an\u0131nda bunlar\u0131n zarar g\u00f6rmesini engeller.Ayr\u0131ca u\u00e7aktan gelen titre\u015fimlere kar\u015f\u0131 bu te\u00e7hizat\u0131 korur. Clevises: Pushrodlar\u0131n en az bir ucunda kullan\u0131lan ayar yapmaya yar\u0131yan pushrodla kontrol hornunu hareketli olarak birle\u015ftiren par\u00e7ad\u0131r.Naylon yada metal olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n U\u00c7A\u011eIN PERFORMANSINA ve G\u00d6R\u00dcN\u00dc\u015e\u00dcNE ETK\u0130 EDEN FAKT\u00d6RLER<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n AERODYNAM\u0130C:<\/strong> Aerodynamic gereklidir.Ancak bu herkesin \u00f6\u011frenmesi gerekti\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmemektedir.Burada u\u00e7aklar\u0131n nas\u0131l u\u00e7tu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda genel bilgi verilecektir.Di\u011fer a\u00e7\u0131klanacak konu baz\u0131 dizayn \u00f6zelliklerinin u\u00e7u\u015fa nas\u0131l etki etti\u011fi ve ilk yada daha sonraki u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 se\u00e7erken bilinmesi gereken konulard\u0131r. Bir u\u00e7ak nas\u0131l u\u00e7ar ? San\u0131lan\u0131n aksine bir u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 havada tutan par\u00e7as\u0131 motor de\u011fil kanad\u0131d\u0131r.Motor sadece \u00f6ndeki havay\u0131 al\u0131r ve arkaya do\u011fru iter.Bu bir itme g\u00fcc\u00fc (thrust) sa\u011flar. Bu g\u00fc\u00e7 sayesinde u\u00e7ak ileri do\u011fru hareket eder.U\u00e7ak ileri do\u011fru hareket ederken kanad\u0131n\u0131n kesit (Airfoil) yap\u0131s\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 kanad\u0131n alt y\u00fczeyinde yukar\u0131 do\u011fru bir kald\u0131rma kuvveti (Lift) do\u011far.Bu aradada hava , i\u00e7inde ileri do\u011fru hareket eden u\u00e7a\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 bir diren\u00e7 (drag) g\u00f6sterir.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n s\u00fcrati artt\u0131k\u00e7a kanad\u0131n kald\u0131rma kuvveti artar.Bukald\u0131rma kuvveti yer\u00e7ekimi (Gravity) ve hava direncinin (Drag) toplam\u0131ndan fazla oldu\u011funda u\u00e7ak yerden havalan\u0131r. K\u0131sacas\u0131 u\u00e7ak u\u00e7maya ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n U\u00c7A\u011eIN PERFORMANSINA ve G\u00d6R\u00dcN\u00dc\u015e\u00dcNE ETK\u0130 EDEN FAKT\u00d6RLER<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Kanat yerle\u015fim yeri (Wing Location):<\/strong> Kanat yeri bir u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne ve u\u00e7u\u015f karekteristi\u011fine etki eden \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rlerden birisidir. Genel olarak iki t\u00fcr kanat yerle\u015fim yeri vard\u0131r. Biri u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u00fcst taraf\u0131 (High Wing), di\u011feri u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n alt taraf\u0131d\u0131r. (Low Wing) Baz\u0131 modellerde kanat g\u00f6vdenin tam ortas\u0131ndada olabilir. \u00dcstten kanatl\u0131 modellerde u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanad\u0131n alt\u0131nda as\u0131l\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden havada u\u00e7arken daha dengelidir. Dengeli ve kontrol\u00fc kolay oldu\u011fundan, e\u011fitim modelleri ve yeni ba\u015flayanlar i\u00e7in \u00e7ok uygundur. Alttan kanatl\u0131 bir model ise bunun tam tersidir. A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kanad\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerindedir. Bu y\u00fczden havada daha dengesiz u\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Yeni ba\u015flayanlar i\u00e7in uygun de\u011fildir. Ancak ileri eviyedeki pilotlar i\u00e7in \u00f6zellikle akrobasi i\u00e7in uygundur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kanat kesidi (Airfoil):<\/strong> Kanat ucundan bak\u0131nca, kanad\u0131 \u00f6nden arkaya do\u011fru kesti\u011finizde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan alan kanat kesitidir. (airfoil) \u00c7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesine ra\u011fmen u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015f kalitesine etki eden ana fakt\u00f6rlerdendir. Y\u00fczlerce \u015fekilde olabilir. Ancak genel olarak \u00fc\u00e7 \u015fekilde adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r;<\/p>\n\n\n\n Flat-Bottom:<\/strong> Kanat kesitinin alt taraf\u0131 tamamen d\u00fcz olan \u015fekildir. Y\u00fcksek kald\u0131rma kuvveti ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131zlarda u\u00e7u\u015f kabiliyeti sa\u011flar. Yeni ba\u015flayanlar i\u00e7in \u00e7ok idealdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Symmetrical Airfoil:<\/strong> Kanat kesitinin alt ve \u00fcst taraf\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u015fekidir. Bu y\u00fczden d\u00fcz ve ters u\u00e7u\u015fta ayn\u0131 kald\u0131rma kuvvetini sa\u011flar. Akrobasi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok uygundur. \u0130leri seviyedeki pilotlar\u0131n tercihi olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Semi-Symmetrical Airfoil:<\/strong> Flat-Bottom ve Symmetrical Airfoilin kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Her iki kanat kesidinin \u00f6zelliklerinden alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Orta seviyedeki pilotlar i\u00e7in uygundur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kanat Alan\u0131(Wing Area)\/Aspect Ratio\/Kanat Y\u00fcklemesi(Wing Loading) :<\/strong> Kanat alan\u0131 kanad\u0131n kald\u0131rma kuvveti sa\u011flayan y\u00fczey alan\u0131d\u0131r.Aspect Ratio kanat boyu ile kanat eninin birbirine oran\u0131d\u0131r. Kanat boyu 150 cm, kanat eni 25 cm olan bir u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 aspect ratiosu 6:1 dir. Genel olarak s\u00f6ylenen bu oran k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fck\u00e7e u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n akrobasi kabiliyetinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Kanat y\u00fcklemesi ise kanat y\u00fczeyindeki bir santimetrekareye d\u00fc\u015fen a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu de\u011fer nekadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olursa o kadar iyidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Dihedral:<\/strong> Kanad\u0131n V \u015feklinde olan a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.Bu a\u00e7\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a u\u00e7ak daha dengeli u\u00e7ar.An\u00e7ak akrobasi kabiliyeti azal\u0131r.E\u011fitim modellerinde bu a\u00e7\u0131 daha fazlad\u0131r. Akrobasi modellerinde ya \u00e7ok az yada hi\u00e7 yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kanat kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131(Wing Thickness):<\/strong> Kanat sadece kald\u0131rma kuvveti sa\u011flamaz. Ayn\u0131 zamandada havan\u0131n i\u00e7inde ileri hareket ederken diren\u00e7 olu\u015fturur. Bu y\u00fczden kal\u0131n kanatlar akrobasi ve s\u00fcrat i\u00e7in uygun de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130ni\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131 yeri :<\/strong> Bu u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne ve performans\u0131na etki eder. \u00d6nden tekerlekli (Tricycle Gear) modeller yerde kontrol\u00fc kolay modellerdir. Arkadan tekerli (Taildragger Gear) modeller yerde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 biraz daha g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr. Ancak her pilot mutlaka denemelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yak\u0131t Tanklarinin Yerle\u015ftirilmesi Motorlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 problemsiz ve d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bir \u00e7ok problemi \u00e7\u00f6zmek yada bir\u00e7ok detay\u0131 daha \u00f6nceden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek zorunday\u0131z. Bunlardan bir tanesi ve \u00e7o\u011fu modelci taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6nemsenmeyerek dikkate al\u0131nmayan bir nokta ise yak\u0131t tank\u0131 ve nas\u0131l yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fidir. Motor \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken ihtiyac\u0131 olan yak\u0131t\u0131 en kolay \u015fekilde almal\u0131 ve de\u011fi\u015fen u\u00e7u\u015f \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re bu ayarlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.Normal olarak motor \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken yak\u0131t karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rde meydana gelen vakumla emilir.Ayr\u0131ca eksoz gaz\u0131n\u0131n bas\u0131nc\u0131 ile de yak\u0131t, yak\u0131t tank\u0131ndan karb\u00fcrat\u00f6re g\u00f6nderilir.Ancak bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda yak\u0131t tank\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015ftirilmesinin baz\u0131 avantaj ve dezavantajlar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bunlar\u0131 k\u0131saca a\u00e7\u0131klayal\u0131m;<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tank Y\u00fcksekli\u011fi : <\/strong> Yer\u00e7ekimini yenerek yak\u0131t\u0131 karb\u00fcrat\u00f6re g\u00f6ndermeliyiz. Bunun yan\u0131nda manevralar s\u0131ras\u0131nda meydana gelen \u201cG\u201d kuvveti daha fazla bir kuvvetle yak\u0131t\u0131 karb\u00fcrat\u00f6re g\u00f6ndermemizi gerektirir.Bu y\u00fczden yak\u0131t tank\u0131n\u0131 karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r seviyesinden daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya yerle\u015ftirmemeliyiz. Ancak seviyesi ne olmal\u0131 ? Tecr\u00fcbeler \u015funu g\u00f6steriyor ki en ideal yak\u0131t tank\u0131 seviyesi tank ekseninin karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn barel ekseninden 3\/8- 1\/2 in\u00e7 (9-12 mm) daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Yak\u0131t tank\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 u\u00e7a\u011fa yerle\u015ftirirken buna dikkat edin. E\u011fer tank\u0131n seviyesini y\u00fckseltemiyorsan\u0131z motorun motorun seviyesini al\u00e7alt\u0131n. \u00d6rne\u011fin karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r ekseni motor eksenine g\u00f6re bir in\u00e7 kadar daha yukar\u0131dad\u0131r. Motorunuzu dik yerle\u015ftirece\u011finize yan (yat\u0131k) yerle\u015ftirin. Bu size bir in\u00e7lik mesafe kazand\u0131racakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yak\u0131t Bas\u0131nc\u0131:<\/strong> Yak\u0131t\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da (deponun y\u00fcksekli\u011fi sebebiyle yak\u0131t\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7) ekstra bir yak\u0131t bas\u0131nc\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu bas\u0131n\u00e7 yak\u0131t tank\u0131 tam dolu iken maksimum seviyede olup daha fazla yak\u0131t\u0131n motora gitmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Ancak yak\u0131t seviyesi azald\u0131k\u00e7a bu etki azal\u0131r. Bunun sonucu bu seviye d\u00fc\u015fmesi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden \u00f6zellikle deponun alt seviyelerinde motorun fakir \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bunu en aza indirmek i\u00e7in eksoz gaz\u0131 bas\u0131nc\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak kare tanklar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 bu konuda bize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. U\u00e7ak havada iken de\u011fi\u015fen konumlarda yak\u0131t seviyesi ayn\u0131 kalacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca gere\u011finden fazla b\u00fcy\u00fck yak\u0131t tank\u0131 kullanmak bu problemle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmam\u0131za, motorun kapasitesine g\u00f6re biraz k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tank kullanmak ise bu problemin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesine sebep olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yak\u0131t Tank\u0131n\u0131n Karb\u00fcrat\u00f6re Olan Uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/strong> Yak\u0131t tank\u0131n\u0131n karb\u00fcrat\u00f6re uzak olmas\u0131 yak\u0131t\u0131n karb\u00fcrat\u00f6re giderken daha fazla yol almas\u0131 buda ekstra g\u00fc\u00e7 ihtiyac\u0131 demektir. Ayr\u0131ca u\u00e7ak y\u00fckselirken yak\u0131t\u0131nda daha yukar\u0131 do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in daha fazla g\u00fcce ihtiyac\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Motorunuz fakir \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r. Buda problem demektir. Tank karb\u00fcrat\u00f6re ne kadar yak\u0131n olursa o kadar iyi demektir. Bu arada motor ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu duvara (firewall) m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar yak\u0131n olmal\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece yak\u0131t hatt\u0131 daha da k\u0131salacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca gere\u011finden b\u00fcy\u00fck tank kullan\u0131m\u0131 bu mesafeyi uzatacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yak\u0131t Hortumlar\u0131:<\/strong> Yak\u0131t hortumlar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca d\u00fcz, k\u0131vr\u0131ms\u0131z ve k\u0131sa olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Uzun hat demek yak\u0131t\u0131n gitmesine kar\u015f\u0131 daha fazla diren\u00e7 diren\u00e7 demektir. Ayr\u0131ca yak\u0131t hortumlar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f yada katlanm\u0131\u015f olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131nda standart easy fueler kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z .65 lik motorlardan sonra dikkatli olun. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu valflerin delik \u00e7aplar\u0131 yak\u0131t hortumlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 \u00e7ap\u0131ndan biraz k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olup buda motorunuzun yeterince yak\u0131t alamamas\u0131na sebep olabilir. B\u00f6yle durumda bir b\u00fcy\u00fck model easy fueler kullan\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yak\u0131t Tank\u0131n\u0131n Sabitlenmesi:<\/strong> Yak\u0131t tank\u0131 bir s\u00fcnger i\u00e7inde yerine yerle\u015ftirilmelidir. E\u011fer tank g\u00f6vdeye direkt yerle\u015ftirilirse u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6vdesinin iletece\u011fi titre\u015fim tank\u0131n i\u00e7indeki yak\u0131t\u0131n k\u00f6p\u00fcrmesine ve motora giden yak\u0131ta hava kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na sebep olur.Buda b\u00fcy\u00fck problemdir. Motorunuzun fakir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na veya durmas\u0131na sebep olur. S\u00fcngeri ne \u00e7ok nede az kullan\u0131n. Fazla s\u00fcnger s\u0131k\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in titre\u015fimi emme \u00f6zelli\u011fini kaybeder ayr\u0131ca yak\u0131t hortumlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na yada b\u00fck\u00fclmesine az s\u00fcnger ise u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda yak\u0131t tank\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmesine sebep olabilir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak montaj s\u0131ras\u0131nda bunlara dikkat ederek ileride problemlerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmay\u0131n. Unutmay\u0131n bir F-16\u2032n\u0131n havada kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fartlar ile modelinizin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fartlar aras\u0131nda fark yoktur ve havac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n herdal\u0131 pahal\u0131 bir u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden en ince ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 bile d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yakit Tanklarin I\u00e7 Kisminin Ayarlanmasi:<\/strong> Daha \u00f6nceden yak\u0131t tank\u0131n\u0131n u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerine nas\u0131l yerle\u015ftirilece\u011finden bahsetmi\u015ftik. \u015eimdi yani ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yak\u0131t tank\u0131n\u0131n (depo) i\u00e7 aksam\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l yerle\u015ftirece\u011fimizden bahsedece\u011fiz. \u00d6ncelikle yeni ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z deponun i\u00e7ersine bak\u0131n. \u0130\u00e7ersinde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck plastik par\u00e7alar olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na, a\u011f\u0131z k\u0131sm\u0131nda art\u0131k plastik par\u00e7alar olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131n. Varsa bunlar\u0131 temizleyin. Depo i\u00e7ersinde kalan par\u00e7alar ileride yak\u0131t hatt\u0131n\u0131 t\u0131kayarak problem \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Depo a\u011fs\u0131nda olan plastik kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 da ka\u00e7aklara sebep olur. Depolarla birlikte genelde 2 bazen de 3 boru gelir. Bunlardan birisi yak\u0131t \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131. Birisi eksoz bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 depoya sa\u011flamak sonuncusu da depoya yak\u0131t doldurmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Baz\u0131 depolarda iki boru vard\u0131r. Biri tazyik di\u011feri yak\u0131t \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Yak\u0131t doldurma i\u015flemi gene yak\u0131t \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f hatt\u0131ndan yap\u0131l\u0131r. Baz\u0131 depolarda bu borular fazla uzun yada tek par\u00e7a geldi\u011fi i\u00e7in kesmek zorunda kalabilirsiniz. Boruyu kesti\u011finizde kesilen ucunda t\u0131rt\u0131kl\u0131 yada sivri k\u0131s\u0131m kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat edin. gerekiyorsa e\u011feleyip d\u00fczeltin. Bu sivri ve \u00e7apakl\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131mlar temizlenmezse ileride yak\u0131t hortumunun delinmesine sebep olur. E\u011feleme sonras\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7apaklar\u0131n boru i\u00e7inde kalmamas\u0131na dikkat edin. Yak\u0131t \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in olan boru b\u00fck\u00fclmez. Depo geri tazyi\u011fi ve doldurmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan borular deponun \u015fekline g\u00f6re b\u00fck\u00fcl\u00fcr. Tazyik i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan borunun ucu depo tavan\u0131na, depoyu doldurmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan borunun ucu da depo dibine de\u011fecek \u015fekilde b\u00fck\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ancak bu borular\u0131n u\u00e7lar\u0131 fazla b\u00fck\u00fcl\u00fcrse ileride titre\u015fimden dolay\u0131 depoyu delebilir. Bu y\u00fczden bu borular\u0131n ucunu biraz k\u0131sa tutup depo zemini ve depo tavan\u0131na temas etti\u011fi noktalara silikon yak\u0131t hortumu koyarsan\u0131z iyi olur. Depo ile gelen pirin\u00e7 borular\u0131 borular\u0131 b\u00fckerken dikkatli olun .E\u011fer birden b\u00fckerseniz k\u0131r\u0131labilir yada orta yeri kat yapar .Bunu \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in boruyu \u0131s\u0131t\u0131n ve i\u00e7ersine ucu sivri olmayan ayn\u0131 \u00e7apta yada yak\u0131n \u00e7apta bir metal \u00e7ubuk (y\u0131ld\u0131z saat\u00e7i tornavidas\u0131,bisiklet jant teli) sokarak kademe kademe \u00e7ubu\u011fu geri \u00e7ekerek b\u00fck\u00fcn. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde baz\u0131 tanklar\u0131n borular\u0131 plastik olarak geliyor. Bunlar fabrikasyon olarak e\u011fim verilerek \u00fcretiliyor. Tanklar\u0131n i\u00e7ersinde yak\u0131t\u0131n d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 i\u00e7in esnek bir hortum vard\u0131r. Bu hortumun ucunda a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ( Clank) vard\u0131r. Bu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k yer\u00e7ekimi etkisi ile her zaman yak\u0131t \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ucunun yak\u0131t seviyesi alt\u0131nda kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. B\u00f6ylece u\u00e7ak havada nas\u0131l u\u00e7arsa u\u00e7sun her zaman motora yak\u0131t ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. Bu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu silikon yak\u0131t hortumunun boyu \u00f6nemlidir .E\u011fer boyunu \u00e7ok uzun yaparsan\u0131z depo dibine de\u011fer ve u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n durumuna g\u00f6re hareket edemez. Bu da yak\u0131t ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 keserek motorun durmas\u0131na sebep olur. \u00c7ok k\u0131sa yaparsan\u0131z da bu sefer depoda yak\u0131t seviyesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcce a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k yukar\u0131da kalaca\u011f\u0131ndan depoyu tam kapasite ile kullanamazs\u0131n\u0131z. Ayr\u0131ca yak\u0131t a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu hortumun boyu k\u0131sald\u0131k\u00e7a esnekli\u011fi azal\u0131r (manivela kolu k\u0131sald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in)Bu y\u00fczden depo i\u00e7ersinde hareket mesafesi k\u0131sal\u0131r.Buda u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda problem \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Bu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n depo dibine olan uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 4-5 mm civar\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Depolar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131 genellikle ortas\u0131ndaki vidan\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 ile geni\u015fleyen lastik tapan\u0131n s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131 ile kapat\u0131l\u0131r. Bu vidan\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda deponun i\u00e7indeki a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n depo dibi ile olan uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015febilmektedir.Bu y\u00fczden bu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n mesafesini ayarlarken bu hesaba kat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Depo kapa\u011f\u0131 tak\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra deponun s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131k testini yap\u0131n. Bunun i\u00e7in depo yak\u0131t \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f hatt\u0131na yak\u0131t hortumu ba\u011flay\u0131n. Di\u011fer \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 elinizle t\u0131kay\u0131n ve yak\u0131t \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f hatt\u0131ndan depo i\u00e7indeki havay\u0131 emin. Deponun vakum yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve yanlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7eri \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcn. Biraz bekleyin. Depo hava alarak yan duvarlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lacak m\u0131. A\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131 gerekli. Daha sonra da i\u00e7ersine nefesinizle tazyikleyin ve bekleyin. Tazyi\u011fin ka\u00e7mamas\u0131 laz\u0131m. Ka\u00e7ak varsa giderin. Kazas\u0131z k\u0131r\u0131ms\u0131z u\u00e7u\u015flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hafif U\u00e7ak m\u0131 ? A\u011f\u0131r U\u00e7ak m\u0131 ?<\/strong> Hepimiz diyoruz ki u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 hafif yapmal\u0131y\u0131z. Ancak neden ? \u0130\u015fte cevab\u0131 :<\/strong> \u015eimdi ayn\u0131 u\u00e7aktan iki tane yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnelim. Bu u\u00e7aklar\u0131n motorlar\u0131, airfoilleri, kanatlar\u0131, kanat alanlar\u0131, dihedralleri k\u0131sacas\u0131 her \u015feyleri ayn\u0131. Tek fark a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 biri di\u011ferine g\u00f6re daha a\u011f\u0131r olmas\u0131. \u015eimdi baz\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerini kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ral\u0131m;<\/p>\n\n\n\n Y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesi :<\/strong> Hafif olan u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kanat y\u00fcklemesi daha az olaca\u011f\u0131ndan daha fazla y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131yacakt\u0131r. Buda daha fazla yak\u0131t yada daha fazla kapasiteli pil yada servo kullanabilece\u011fimiz anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u0131rmanma performans\u0131 :<\/strong> Hafif olan u\u00e7ak daha \u00e7abuk t\u0131rmanacakt\u0131r. Bunun anlam\u0131 di\u011fer avantajlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda akrobasi kabiliyetinin artmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f performans\u0131 :<\/strong> Hafif u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yar\u0131 \u00e7ap\u0131 daha k\u0131sad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u0131zlanma :<\/strong> Hafif u\u00e7ak daha \u00e7abuk s\u00fcratlenecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Stall h\u0131z\u0131 :<\/strong> A\u011f\u0131r u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n stall h\u0131z\u0131 y\u00fcksek olaca\u011f\u0131ndan daha h\u0131zl\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015f h\u0131z\u0131 ve daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ini\u015f kalk\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrati olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Max h\u0131z :<\/strong> Hafif u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131 tabiki fazla olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yak\u0131t tasarrufu :<\/strong> A\u011f\u0131r u\u00e7ak daha h\u0131zl\u0131 u\u00e7mak zorunda oldu\u011fundan yak\u0131t t\u00fcketimi daha fazla olacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca motor devri s\u00fcrekli daha fazla olaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u011f\u0131r u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n motor \u00f6mr\u00fc hafif u\u00e7a\u011fa g\u00f6re daha az olacakt\u0131r. R\u00fczgar\/T\u00fcrb\u00fclans fakt\u00f6r\u00fc: Hafif u\u00e7ak r\u00fczgardan, t\u00fcrb\u00fclanstan daha fazla etkilenecektir. Ancak r\u00fczgarl\u0131 g\u00fcnlerde u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131za a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k merkezini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyecek eklerseniz bu probleminizi \u00e7\u00f6zecektir. Yukar\u0131daki bilgilere \u015funlar\u0131 da ilave edebiliriz..E\u011fer u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n bir yerinde a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k kald\u0131r\u0131yorsan\u0131z bu ba\u015fka bir yerdeki a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da etkileyece\u011fi anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin hafif yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir u\u00e7akta daha ince yani daha hafif ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131 kullanabilirsiniz. Buda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n daha da azalmas\u0131 demektir. Di\u011fer \u00f6nemli bir konu ise ( in\u015fallah ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131za gelmez) kaza sonucu u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131 hasard\u0131r. Kaza s\u0131ras\u0131nda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n yere yada ba\u015fka bir cisme \u00e7arpmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak enerji u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131 ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 h\u0131zda fakat farkl\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131ktaki iki cismin \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan enerji farkl\u0131d\u0131r. A\u011f\u0131r olan cismin enerjisi daha fazlad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yle a\u011f\u0131r olan u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n hasar\u0131 da daha fazla olacakt\u0131r. K\u0131saca yukar\u0131daki bilgilere g\u00f6re u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ne kadar hafif yaparsak o kadar iyi olacak ve iyi u\u00e7acakt\u0131r. S\u00fcr\u00fcklemeyi (drag) Azaltma \u00c7o\u011fu modelci s\u00fcr\u00fcklemenin, ne oldu\u011funu bilmez yada \u00f6nemsemez. Oysa u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015funa etki eden bir fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. Neden A ismindeki modelcinin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 modeller B isimli modelcinin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 modellerden daha iyi u\u00e7ar ya da deriz ki A \u2018n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 modeller \u00e7ok iyi u\u00e7uyor.\u0130\u015fte bunun sebeplerinden birisi modeli yaparken modelcinin s\u00fcr\u00fcklemeyi azaltmak i\u00e7in alaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nlemlerdir. Pekala nedir bu s\u00fcr\u00fckleme (drag) ? U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z havada u\u00e7arken u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n y\u00fczeyinden ge\u00e7en hava ak\u0131m\u0131 u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6vdesine s\u00fcrt\u00fcnerek ge\u00e7er. Bu s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme s\u0131ras\u0131nda bir diren\u00e7 olu\u015fur. Ayr\u0131ca u\u00e7ak y\u00fczeyindeki \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar, p\u00fcr\u00fczler u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6vde yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bozan t\u00fcm aksesuarlar bu hava ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 etkileyerek u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015f karakterini de\u011fi\u015ftirir. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6vdesi ne kadar d\u00fczg\u00fcn ve p\u00fcr\u00fczs\u00fcz olursa o kadar az s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme ve diren\u00e7 olu\u015fur.Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z daha iyi u\u00e7ar. \u015eimdi bu konuyu inceleyelim ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri anlatal\u0131m. Neler s\u00fcr\u00fcklemeye sebep olur ? Bunlar\u0131 nas\u0131l gideririz ? S\u00fcr\u00fcklemeyi tam olarak g\u00f6rebilmemiz i\u00e7in r\u00fczgar t\u00fcneline ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z vard\u0131r.Ancak modelimiz r\u00fczgar t\u00fcnelinde deneme imkan\u0131m\u0131z olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in daha \u00f6nceden denenmi\u015f ve tecr\u00fcbe edilmi\u015f esaslardan yararlanaca\u011f\u0131z. D\u00f6rt \u00e7e\u015fit s\u00fcr\u00fckleme vard\u0131r. Bunlar;<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1. Kesit alan\u0131:<\/strong> Kesit alan\u0131 kolayd\u0131r. Yan y\u00fczeyler ne kadar b\u00fcy\u00fckse o kadar fazla hava ge\u00e7ecek ve o kadar da fazla s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme do\u011facakt\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden g\u00f6vdeyi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca ince ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yapmal\u0131y\u0131z. Kanat kesidi de (airfoil) m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca ince olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Fakat \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc \u015fekil kadar etkili de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2. \u015eekil s\u00fcr\u00fcklemesi:<\/strong> Bir y\u00fczeyde hareket halinde en az s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmeyi yaratacak \u015feklin (streamlining) bahsedece\u011fiz. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerindeki her par\u00e7a simetrik bir y\u00fczeye ve kesite sahip olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6nemli olan u\u00e7ak \u00fczerindeki par\u00e7alar\u0131n h\u00fccum kenarlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczg\u00fcn bir kavise sahip olmas\u0131 , hava ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n her iki y\u00fczeyden ge\u00e7erken simetrik olmas\u0131 ve firar kenar\u0131n\u0131 terk ederken de firar kenar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcrb\u00fclansa sebep olmayacak \u015fekilde olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Temel konu her iki y\u00fczeyde hareket eden havan\u0131n ani yada a\u00e7\u0131sal de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe u\u011framamas\u0131d\u0131r.\u0130ni\u015f tak\u0131mlar\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcklemeyi yaratan elemanlardan birisidir. A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r kapan\u0131r ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131 kullan\u0131rsan\u0131z bu engeli a\u015fm\u0131\u015f olursunuz.E\u011fer sabit ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131 varsa wheel pant kullanarak ve dikmelere cuffs (Dikmelere tak\u0131lan airfoili olan par\u00e7alar) tak\u0131larak s\u00fcr\u00fckleme azalt\u0131l\u0131r.Kanatlar\u0131n h\u00fccum kenarlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca kavisli yap\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcklemeyi azaltacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3. Y\u00fczey S\u00fcrt\u00fcnmesi :<\/strong> U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n y\u00fczeyi ne kadar d\u00fczg\u00fcn ve az ise o kadar az s\u00fcr\u00fckleme yarat\u0131r.Keskin kenarlar\u0131n\u0131n yuvarlat\u0131lmas\u0131 sadece \u015fekil s\u00fcr\u00fcklemesini azaltmaz ayn\u0131 zamanda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n y\u00fczey alan\u0131nda azalt\u0131r.U\u00e7ak y\u00fczeyinin d\u00fczg\u00fcn olmas\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcklemeyi azalt\u0131r.Kaplama yaparken u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n arkadan \u00f6ne do\u011fru kaplanmas\u0131,kaplama malzemesinin birbirinin \u00fczerine bindirirken d\u00fczg\u00fcn ve sa\u011flam yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131,kaplama y\u00fczeyinde p\u00fcr\u00fcz olmas\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcklemeyi azaltan etkenlerdir.Keskin k\u00f6\u015feler t\u00fcrb\u00fclansa sebep olur.Yuvarlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir g\u00f6vdeye sahip u\u00e7ak keskin k\u00f6\u015felere sahip u\u00e7a\u011fa g\u00f6re daha az s\u00fcr\u00fckleme yarat\u0131r.Kanat u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n yuvarlat\u0131lmas\u0131 da s\u00fcr\u00fcklemeyi azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 4. Kar\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcr\u00fcklemesi:<\/strong> R\u00fczgar t\u00fcnellerinde yap\u0131lan deneyler de g\u00f6vde ve kanad\u0131n meydana getirdi\u011fi s\u00fcr\u00fckleme ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.Ancak g\u00f6vde ve kanat birle\u015ftirildi\u011finde meydana gelen s\u00fcr\u00fcklemenin tek ba\u015flar\u0131na sahip olduklar\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fckleme toplamlar\u0131ndan fazla oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bunun azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in genellikle g\u00f6vde ile kanad\u0131n birle\u015fti\u011fi noktalar\u0131n doldurularak kavis verilir. \u0130kinci d\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131 modellerinin kanatlar\u0131nda bu bariz g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kanad\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnden arkas\u0131na do\u011fru bu kavis vard\u0131r. Bunu pattern ve yar\u0131\u015f u\u00e7aklar\u0131nda da g\u00f6rebilirsiniz. Sonu\u00e7 olarak ne yapmal\u0131y\u0131z ? En iyi sonu\u00e7 sebepleri ortadan kald\u0131rmakt\u0131r. \u0130ni\u015f tak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r kapan\u0131r yap\u0131n, kontrol yekelerini (horn) gizli yap\u0131n, anteni g\u00f6vde i\u00e7ine al\u0131n, civata ba\u015flar\u0131 g\u00f6vde \u00fczerine hav\u015fa a\u00e7arak gizleyin, motorunuzu cowl i\u00e7ine gizleyin, g\u00f6vde i\u00e7inde kalan eksoz kullan\u0131n. K\u0131sacas\u0131 yar\u0131\u015fmalarda kullan\u0131lan pattern u\u00e7aklar\u0131na bir bak\u0131n. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu \u00f6zellikleri g\u00f6receksiniz. Kalite ayr\u0131nt\u0131da gizlidir. Bu y\u00fczden s\u00fcr\u00fcklemeyi azaltmak bir\u00e7ok y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck, maliyet ve i\u015f\u00e7ilik gerektirir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde \u00f6rnekler verilmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 yaparsan\u0131z daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve d\u00fczg\u00fcn u\u00e7tu\u011funu g\u00f6receksiniz. Unutmay\u0131n ne kadar d\u00fczg\u00fcn y\u00fczey ve d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u015fekil o kadar iyi u\u00e7u\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n DIZAYN:<\/strong> Burada yaz\u0131lanlar k\u0131saca ve basit\u00e7e ad\u0131m ad\u0131m bir model u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l dizayn edece\u011finizi a\u00e7\u0131klayacakt\u0131r. Ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce \u015funu kabullenmelisiniz. Dizayn edece\u011finiz u\u00e7ak tam sizin istedi\u011finiz gibi olmayacakt\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc arzu ettiklerinizle, ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek istedikleriniz \u00e7ak\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin siz \u00e7ok dengeli ve ayn\u0131 zamanda akrobasi yetene\u011fi olan bir u\u00e7ak yapmak istediniz diyelim. Ancak ger\u00e7ekte bu imkans\u0131zd\u0131r. Birinden fedakarl\u0131k etmek zorundas\u0131n\u0131z. \u0130kisi bir arada olmaz. Dengeli olsun derseniz akrobasi yetene\u011fi azal\u0131r. Akrobatik olsun derseniz stabilitesi bozulur. Bu ve benzer \u015feyleri kabul etmelisiniz. Bunun i\u00e7in modelinizi dizayn etmeden \u00f6nce belirli karakteristik \u00f6zelliklere karar verip onlar\u0131n temeli \u00fczerine dizayn yapmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. Ayr\u0131ca \u015funu hi\u00e7bir zaman unutmay\u0131n. Bir model ne kadar basit ve sade ise o kadar problemsizdir.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerine ilave edece\u011finiz her t\u00fcrl\u00fc fazlal\u0131k ilerde problem olarak kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.\u015eimdi k\u0131saca bir modeli dizayn etmeye ba\u015flayal\u0131m. Birinci ad\u0131m: U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerine karar verin. Bunlar k\u0131saca : Modelinizin amac\u0131 : E\u011fitim modelimi, e\u011fitim sonras\u0131 bir model mi, akrobasi modeli mi, 3D akrobasi modeli mi ? vb. Modeli ne olacak: Modern mi, antika bir model mi, \u00f6l\u00e7ekli mi, tamamen yeni bir tasar\u0131m m\u0131 ? vb. Motorunun cinsi , b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc U\u00e7u\u015f s\u00fcresi Dengesi\/stabilitesi S\u00fcrati Dikey performans\u0131 Kontrollere verece\u011fi cevap Stall karakteristi\u011fi \u0130n\u015faa \u015fekli ve kullan\u0131lacak malzemeler Kontrol sistemi \u0130ni\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131 Nas\u0131l ta\u015f\u0131naca\u011f\u0131,tek par\u00e7a,iki par\u00e7a,\u00fc\u00e7 par\u00e7a vb. gibi \u0130kinci ad\u0131m: Kullanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z motoru se\u00e7in. Elektrikli yada benzinli. G\u00fcc\u00fc.A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131.Bunlar\u0131 belirleyin.Size \u015funu tavsiye ederim.Motorunuzun se\u00e7ene\u011fi tek olsun.Yani .35 ile .46 aras\u0131 bir motor se\u00e7ene\u011fi de\u011fil de direk olarak .40 l\u0131k bir motora g\u00f6re dizayn yap\u0131n. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tablo size iki zamanl\u0131 motor se\u00e7iminde yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.E\u011fer d\u00f6rt zamanl\u0131 motor kullanacaksan\u0131z se\u00e7ti\u011finiz motor hacmini % 50 artt\u0131r\u0131n.Bunun yan\u0131nda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re de motor se\u00e7ime dikkat edin. E\u011fer u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n normal olarak u\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131 ve akrobasi yapmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyorsan\u0131z 3 kg\u2019l\u0131k bir u\u00e7a\u011fa .46l\u0131k motor yeterli olacakt\u0131r. Ancak siz e\u011fer 3D akrobasi yapacaksan\u0131z .61lik bir motor kullan\u0131n. Ayr\u0131ca \u015fu y\u00f6ntemi de kullanabilirsiniz. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n toplam u\u00e7u\u015f a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bulun. Motorunuzun da pervane\/motor kombinasyonuna g\u00f6re verdi\u011fi \u00e7ekme\/itme g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc (trust) \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn.E\u011fer normal bir u\u00e7u\u015f ve akrobasi planl\u0131yorsan\u0131z u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar trust \u00fcreten motoru kullan\u0131n. Yok 3D akrobasi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z en az u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 1.5 kat\u0131 trust \u00fcreten motor kullan\u0131n. \u00d6zellikle bu y\u00f6ntemi tavsiye ediyorum. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ayn\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde olan farkl\u0131 marka motorlar farkl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00fcretiyorlar. Motor Hacmi Kanat Alan\u0131 .049 200-250 in\u00e7\u00b2 yada 1290-1612 cm\u00b2 .10 250-350 in\u00e7\u00b2 yada 1612-2258 cm\u00b2 . 15 300-400 in\u00e7\u00b2 yada 1935-2903 cm\u00b2 .25 400-500 in\u00e7\u00b2 yada 2580-3225 cm\u00b2 .40 500-700 in\u00e7\u00b2 yada 3225-4516 cm\u00b2 .60 600-850 in\u00e7\u00b2 yada 3870-5483 cm\u00b2 \u015eimdi s\u0131ra motor a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131nda. Genellikle motorlar 0-3 derece a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ve 0-3 derece sa\u011fa bakacak (arkadan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda) \u015fekilde bir a\u00e7\u0131 ile yerle\u015ftirilir. Rudder kontroll\u00fc u\u00e7aklarda sa\u011fa do\u011fru olan a\u00e7\u0131 3-5 derece aras\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak size tavsiyem hi\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131 vermeden motorunuzu yerle\u015ftirin. Daha sonra u\u00e7urdu\u011funuzda u\u00e7u\u015f \u015fekline g\u00f6re bu a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 motor yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve motorun alt\u0131na pul koyarak ayarlay\u0131n. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ad\u0131m: Dikey t\u0131rman\u0131\u015f ve s\u00fcrat performans\u0131na karar verin. T\u0131rmanma oran\u0131n\u0131 motorun g\u00fcc\u00fc, pervane ve u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n toplam u\u00e7u\u015f a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirler. Nas\u0131l bir t\u0131rmanma \u00f6zelli\u011fi istiyorsunuz ? S\u0131f\u0131r s\u00fcratte u\u00e7ak stall oldu\u011funda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n 90 derece t\u0131rmanmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u0131 yoksa belirli bir a\u00e7\u0131 ile u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n momentumu bitinceye kadar 50-60 metre t\u0131rmanmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u0131 istiyorsunuz? U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n d\u00fcz u\u00e7u\u015fta direk loop atmas\u0131n\u0131 yada \u00f6nce dal\u0131\u015fa ge\u00e7ip s\u00fcrat kazand\u0131ktan sonram\u0131 loop atmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyorsunuz ? U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verin ve amac\u0131na uygun in\u015faa edin. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n havadaki s\u00fcratini (maksimum ve minimum) motor g\u00fcc\u00fc, pervane ve u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kanad\u0131 belirler. T\u0131rmanma oran\u0131 ve hava h\u0131z\u0131 birbirini etkiler.Bu y\u00fczden bunlar\u0131n kombinasyonu u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015f karakteristi\u011fini de\u011fi\u015ftirir.\u00d6rne\u011fin u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7ok s\u00fcratli u\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bir \u015fekilde 90 derece olacak \u015fekilde t\u0131rmanmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyorsan\u0131z u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z hafif olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun yan\u0131nda s\u00fcratli u\u00e7mas\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek ad\u0131ml\u0131 (pitch) pervanenin istedi\u011fi motor g\u00fcc\u00fc ile d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ad\u0131ml\u0131 pervanenin istedi\u011fi motor g\u00fcc\u00fc de ayn\u0131 de\u011fildir. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc ad\u0131m: Kanad\u0131n dizayn\u0131 \u00d6ncelikle \u015funu belirtmeliyim ki u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kanad\u0131 u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n en \u00f6nemli par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir \u00e7ok parametreyi etkilemektedir.Kanat dizayn\u0131na u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n airfoil yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7mekle ba\u015flamal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.Amac\u0131n\u0131za uygun airfoil se\u00e7in . E\u011fitim modeli yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z alt k\u0131sm\u0131 d\u00fcz, \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131 kavisli (flat bottom), sport bir model istiyorsan\u0131z semi simetrik, akrobasi yetene\u011fi olan bir u\u00e7ak istiyorsan\u0131z simetrik airfoil se\u00e7melisiniz. Bunu yan\u0131nda y\u00fczlerce \u00e7e\u015fit airfoil yap\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n i\u00e7inden amac\u0131n\u0131za en uygun olan\u0131n\u0131 ( hava s\u00fcrati yada stall karakteristi\u011fi) se\u00e7in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kanat y\u00fcklemesi : <\/strong>Kanat y\u00fcklemesi birka\u00e7 u\u00e7u\u015f karakterine etki eder. Min ve max. u\u00e7u\u015f s\u00fcrati, t\u0131rmanma oran\u0131(Kanad\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kald\u0131rma kuvveti; motorun \u00e7ekme g\u00fcc\u00fc de\u011fil), kontrollere verdi\u011fi cevap ve u\u00e7u\u015f kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn kaybedilmesi. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kanat y\u00fcklemesi olan u\u00e7ak daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u00fcratlerde u\u00e7abilir. Y\u00fcksek kanat y\u00fcklemesi (Y\u00fcksek stall s\u00fcrati) olan u\u00e7ak ini\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda daha s\u00fcrati u\u00e7mak zorundad\u0131r. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kanat y\u00fcklemesi olan u\u00e7aklar hava \u015fartlar\u0131ndan daha \u00e7abuk etkilenirler. \u00d6rne\u011fin. termal yada r\u00fczgar. Y\u00fcksek kanat y\u00fcklemeli u\u00e7aklar ise bu durumlardan daha az etkilenir ancak kontrollere daha yava\u015f cevap verir ve daha h\u0131zl\u0131 u\u00e7mak zorundad\u0131r. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kanat y\u00fcklemeli u\u00e7aklar\u0131n maksimum u\u00e7u\u015f s\u00fcratlerine s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirmek zorunda kalabiliriz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc y\u00fcksek s\u00fcratte u\u00e7an bir u\u00e7ak manevra yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fcksek G g\u00fcc\u00fcne maruz kalacakt\u0131r. Ancak u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 hafif yapaca\u011f\u0131z derken in\u015faa s\u0131ras\u0131nda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z malzemeyi azalt\u0131rsak yada kanad\u0131 gere\u011finden fazlam b\u00fcy\u00fck in\u015faa edersek, bu ayn\u0131 zamanda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 etkileyecektir. Y\u00fcksek G s\u0131ras\u0131nda buda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n buna dayanamamas\u0131na sebep olabilir. Bu hafif ama dayan\u0131kl\u0131 u\u00e7ak yapamayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z anlam\u0131na da gelmez. Onun i\u00e7in in\u015faa s\u0131ras\u0131nda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z malzemelere dikkat etmeliyiz. Hafif ama sa\u011flam kanat in\u015faa etmeliyiz. Bunun yan\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131r kanat y\u00fcklemesi y\u00fcksek olan u\u00e7aklarda da y\u00fcksek G\u2019lerde kanada daha fazla y\u00fck binecektir. \u015eimdi kanat y\u00fcklemesini nas\u0131l hesaplayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z g\u00f6relim. Kanat y\u00fcklemesi, U\u00e7u\u015f a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kanat y\u00fczey alan\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne e\u015fittir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yani Kanat y\u00fcklemesi :<\/strong> U\u00e7u\u015f a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \/ Kanat y\u00fczey alan\u0131 \u2018Not: Birden \u00e7ok kanatl\u0131 u\u00e7aklarda kanat y\u00fczeyi olarak t\u00fcm kanatlar\u0131n y\u00fczey alan\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r.\u2019 Bu oran\u0131 k\u011f\/m\u00b2 olarak yada gr\/cm\u00b2 olarak hesaplayabiliriz . Bu sizin tercihinize kalm\u0131\u015f.Ben bizim u\u00e7aklar\u0131m\u0131z k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck oldu\u011fundan gram\/cm\u00b2 oran\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131yorum. \u00d6rne\u011fin u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015f a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 2500 gram olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnelim.Kanat y\u00fczey alan\u0131 ise de 3750 cm\u00b2 olsun. Bu durumda 2500\/3750 = 0.66666667 gr\/cm\u00b2 olacakt\u0131r.Bu oran s\u0131f\u0131ra yakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z daha hafif olmu\u015f anlam\u0131na gelir.Buda daha s\u00fcratli u\u00e7u\u015f bunun yan\u0131nda daha yava\u015f stall s\u00fcrati ve daha y\u00fcksek t\u0131rmanma performans\u0131 demektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kanat Y\u00fczey alan\u0131:<\/strong> Kanat y\u00fczey alan\u0131 yukar\u0131daki tabloda yer almam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Bunu nedeni ger\u00e7ekte anlams\u0131z oldu\u011fudur.Normalde kanat y\u00fczey alan\u0131 bize kanat y\u00fcklemesinin hesab\u0131nda gerekir.Ancak bizim dizayn edece\u011fimiz u\u00e7akta kanat y\u00fczey alan\u0131 bize ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta gerekli de\u011fildir.Biz dizayn edece\u011fimiz u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z u\u00e7u\u015f a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kanat y\u00fcklemesine g\u00f6re kanat y\u00fczey alan\u0131n\u0131 hesaplayaca\u011f\u0131z. \u00d6rne\u011fin ( Yukar\u0131daki hesaplamaya uygun olsun) : U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015f a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 2500 gram olarak planlad\u0131k.Bu arada ise kanat y\u00fcklemesinin 0.66666667 gr\/cm\u00b2 olarak planlayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kanat y\u00fcklemesi :<\/strong> U\u00e7u\u015f a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \/ Kanat y\u00fczey alan\u0131 form\u00fcl\u00fcnden 0.66666667= 2500 \/ kanat y\u00fczey alan\u0131 yazabiliriz. Bunun sonucunda ise 3750 cm\u00b2 sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131r\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Aspect Ratio : <\/strong>Yukar\u0131daki tabloya bakarsan\u0131z aspect ratio nun denge\/stabilite haricindeki t\u00fcm u\u00e7u\u015f karakteristi\u011fine etki etti\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcz.Bu y\u00fczden \u00f6nemli bir etkendir.Pekala Aspect ratio nedir? Aspect ratio kanat uzunlu\u011funun kanad\u0131n ortalama chord ( Kanat eni diyebiliriz) uzunlu\u011funa oran\u0131d\u0131r. Ortalama kanat chord uzunlu\u011fu tapered ( Kanat ortas\u0131ndan kanat ucuna do\u011fru daralan ) kanatlarda, kanat ortas\u0131ndaki chord uzunlu\u011fu ile kanat ucundaki chord uzunlu\u011funun toplam\u0131n\u0131n ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi ile bulunur. Normal dikd\u00f6rtgen olan kanatlarda ise kanad\u0131n herhangi bir noktas\u0131ndaki chord uzunlu\u011fudur.Aspect ratio \u00f6nemlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc aspect ratio \u015funlar\u0131 etkiler: a.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n tono atma kabiliyeti.Her \u015feyleri ayn\u0131 olan iki u\u00e7ak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn.Sadece aspect ratiolar\u0131 farkl\u0131 olsun.Bu durumda aspect ratiosu y\u00fcksek olan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olana g\u00f6re daha yava\u015f tono atacakt\u0131r.Yani uzun ve dar olan kanat k\u0131sa ve enli olan kanada g\u00f6re daha yava\u015f tono atacakt\u0131r. Sava\u015f u\u00e7aklar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda aspect ratiolar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Bu y\u00fczden hareket kabiliyetleri y\u00fcksektir.Ancak buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kald\u0131rma kuvvetleri azal\u0131r.Bu y\u00fczden bombard\u0131man u\u00e7aklar\u0131nda aspect ratiosu y\u00fcksek kanatlar kullan\u0131l\u0131r. b.Kald\u0131rma-S\u00fcr\u00fckleme oran\u0131n\u0131 belirleyecektir.\u00d6rne\u011fin plan\u00f6rlerin kanatlar\u0131 uzun ve dard\u0131r.Bu y\u00fczden aspect ratiolar\u0131 y\u00fcksektir.Y\u00fcksek aspect ratioda y\u00fcksek kald\u0131rma-s\u00fcr\u00fckleme oran\u0131na sebep olur.Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak yak\u0131t ekonomisi artar.D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck aspect ratio lu u\u00e7aklar y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131ma kabiliyeti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan uygun de\u011fildir.Ayr\u0131ca d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck aspect ratiolu u\u00e7aklarda h\u00fccum a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 artt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda s\u00fcr\u00fcklemede \u00e7ok artar. c.Y\u00fcksek aspect ratio oranl\u0131 kanatlar k\u0131r\u0131lgan, dayan\u0131ks\u0131z yap\u0131dad\u0131r.Ayr\u0131ca planlanan u\u00e7u\u015f dizayn\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda u\u00e7u\u015f karakterine sebebiyet verebilir. \u015eimdi bir hesaplama yapal\u0131m.Kanad\u0131n uzunlu\u011fu 150 cm olsun.Kanat ortalama chord u ise 25 cm olsun.Bu durumda aspect ratio = kanat boyu\/kanat ortalama chord uzunlu\u011fu dan 150\/25 = 6\/1 oran\u0131n\u0131 buluruz. Birde tapered kanat hesab\u0131 yapal\u0131m. Kanat ortas\u0131ndaki chord uzunlu\u011fu 30cm,kanat ucu chord uzunlu\u011fu 20 cm ve kanat boyu 150 cm olsun.\u00d6nce ortalama kanat chordunu bulaca\u011f\u0131z.Ortalama kanat chordu= (Kanat ortas\u0131 chordu + Kanat ucu chordu) b\u00f6l\u00fc 2 den dan (30+20)\/2 =25.Buradan 150\/2 = den aspect ratio 6\/1 dir. Birde eliptik kanatlar i\u00e7in hesaplama yapal\u0131m. Eliptik kanatlarda uygulayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z form\u00fcl biraz de\u011fi\u015fik. Bunlarda kanad\u0131n uzunlu\u011funun karesinin kanad\u0131n y\u00fczey alan\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc aspect ratio u verir. Buna g\u00f6re kanat uzunlu\u011fu 150 cm olan ve kanat alan\u0131 3750 cm\u00b2 olan kanad\u0131n aspect ratiosu 150\u00b2\/3750 den 6\/1 bulunur.Genellikle model u\u00e7aklardaki aspect ratio 5:1 ila 6:1 aras\u0131d\u0131r.Plan\u00f6rlerde ise 10:1 ila 16:1 aras\u0131d\u0131r. Wing taper (kanat ucuna do\u011fru kanad\u0131n hem daralmas\u0131 hem de incelmesi): Taper ratio (Kanat daralma oran\u0131) kanat ucundaki chordun kanat ortas\u0131ndaki chorda b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesiyle bulunur.Y\u00fcksek aspect ratiolu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck taper ratiolu kanatlar\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00e7abuk tip stall a girme meyili vard\u0131r.Bu y\u00fczden dizayn\u0131n\u0131zda bunu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurun.E\u011fer y\u00fcksek oranda daralan kanat d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z aspect ratio yu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcn. E\u011fer y\u00fcksek oranda aspect ratiolu kanat d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z taper ratioyu 1 e yak\u0131n tutun.(kanat ortas\u0131 ve kant ucu ayn\u0131 olan chord) Wing Sweep (Kanad\u0131n arkaya do\u011fru a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131): U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kanad\u0131na verilen her 2\u00bd derecelik a\u00e7\u0131 1 derecelik dihedral verilmi\u015f etkisi yapar.\u00dcstelik ters u\u00e7arken bile bu etkinin oldu\u011fu kabul edilir. Ayr\u0131ca sweep u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n stabilitesini de artt\u0131r\u0131r. U\u00e7ak stall oldu\u011funda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n burnunu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmesini sa\u011flar. Sweep biraz da u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n CG aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n arkaya do\u011fru geni\u015flemesini sa\u011flar. Ayr\u0131ca g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc olarak u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 da de\u011fi\u015ftirir. Dihedral: Kanat u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kanat ortas\u0131na g\u00f6re yukar\u0131da oldu\u011fu durumdaki a\u00e7\u0131sal de\u011feridir. U\u00e7a\u011fa tono ekseninde tekrar kendi kendine d\u00fczeltme kabiliyeti kazand\u0131r\u0131r. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n stabilitesini artt\u0131r\u0131r ve aileron olmadan u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 rudder ile u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6nlendirme kabiliyeti verir. Bu y\u00fczden e\u011fitim modellerinde dihedral \u00e7ok kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Tono atma kabiliyetini azalt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca dihedral istenmeyen kontrol kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na sebep olur. \u00d6rne\u011fin u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131za rudder kontrol\u00fc verdi\u011finizde u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z burnunu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme ve tono atma e\u011filimi g\u00f6sterir.Ne kadar dihedralin yeterli oldu\u011fu size ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak genel de\u011ferler \u015fu \u015fekildedir. Aileron kontroll\u00fc modellerde 0-3 derece (her kanatta), aileronsuz u\u00e7aklarda 3-5 derecedir. Alttan kanatl\u0131 u\u00e7aklarda ise bu de\u011ferler 2 kat\u0131d\u0131r. Washout : U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n in\u015faas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda firar kenar\u0131na bilerek verilen ve u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n burnu havada iken h\u00fccum a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan burukluk\/ kavisdir. Bu kavis genelikle kanat u\u00e7una do\u011fru olur ve kanat u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kanad\u0131n orta k\u0131sm\u0131ndan \u00f6nce stall (tip stall) olmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller.Akrobasi modelleri i\u00e7in uygun de\u011fildir.Birde dikd\u00f6rgen kanat yap\u0131s\u0131na sahip u\u00e7aklarda olmas\u0131na gerek yoktur.Daha \u00e7ok tapered (daralan) kanatlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Plan\u00f6rlerde, y\u00fcksek aspect ratiolu u\u00e7aklarda,a\u011f\u0131r scale u\u00e7aklarda kullan\u0131labilir. Wing Incidence: Wing incidence kanat ekseni ile u\u00e7ak ekseni ile aras\u0131ndaki a\u00e7\u0131sal de\u011ferdir. Normalde 0-1 derecedir.Ancak u\u00e7akta aileron yok ve rudder ile kontrol ediliyorsa bu a\u00e7\u0131 3-5 derece aras\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.Aileron \u015fekli ve alan\u0131: Kanat boyunca uzanan dikd\u00f6rtgen aileronlar (strip ailron) barn door aileronlara g\u00f6re in\u015faas\u0131 daha kolay ve u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda daha etkilidir.Airfoil yap\u0131s\u0131na uygun \u015fekillendirilmi\u015f aileronlar daha etkilidir.Strip aileronlar\u0131n geni\u015fli\u011fi kanat ortalama chord uzunlu\u011funun 1\/8 kadar\u0131 (% 12 civar\u0131) barn door aileronlarda ise kanat uzunlu\u011funun 1\/4 \u00fc ve ortalama chordun 1\/4 \u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde olmas\u0131 yeterlidir.E\u011fer u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n 3D akrobasi yapmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyorsan\u0131z bu oranlar\u0131 % 100 artt\u0131rman\u0131z\u0131 tavsiye ederim. Flap: Flap genellikle scale modellerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.E\u011fer flap yapacaksan\u0131z barn door aileron kullanacaks\u0131n\u0131z demektir. Kullanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z flap kanat boyunun 1\/4 uzunlukta ve kanat chordunun 1\/4 \u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde olmal\u0131d\u0131r.Ka\u00e7 derecelik bir a\u00e7\u0131 ile a\u00e7\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 kanat airfoilinine ve u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131za ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.Bunu deneyerek bulacaks\u0131n\u0131z.Size tavsiyem d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck a\u00e7\u0131larla ba\u015flaman\u0131zd\u0131r.Ayr\u0131ca u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015f s\u00fcratine g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 etkiler g\u00f6sterecektir. Be\u015finci ad\u0131m. Kuyruk dizayn\u0131: Yatay stabilizer ve elevat\u00f6r\u00fcn (Y\u00fckseli\u015f d\u00fcmeni) dizayn\u0131: \u015eekil olarak bir tavsiyede bulunmayaca\u011f\u0131m.Ancak scale bir u\u00e7ak yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z yatay stabilizerede bir airfoil yap\u0131s\u0131 vermenizi tavsiye ederim. Yatay stabilizerin alan\u0131 kanat alan\u0131n\u0131n %20-22 si olmal\u0131d\u0131r.Hareketli olan elevat\u00f6r\u00fcn alan\u0131 ise yatay stabilizerin alan\u0131n\u0131n %20 si olmal\u0131d\u0131r.Bunun yan\u0131nda e\u011fer 3D akrobasi modeli yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z elevat\u00f6r\u00fcn alan\u0131 size kalm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fey. Baz\u0131 3D modellerde neredeyse yatay stabilizat\u00f6r olmay\u0131p komple elevat\u00f6r \u015feklinde bile olabilmektedir.Ancak ben size en az\u0131ndan elevat\u00f6r\u00fcn 1\/3 \u00fc kadar yatay stabilizat\u00f6r yapman\u0131z\u0131 Tavsiye ederim.Stabilizerin ekseni ile u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ekseni birbirine paralel olmal\u0131d\u0131r.E\u011fer rudder kontrol\u00fc ile u\u00e7an bir model yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z 1 dereceye kadar a\u00e7\u0131 verebilirsiniz. Dikey stabilizat\u00f6r ve rudder\u2019\u0131n(Y\u00f6n d\u00fcmeninin dizayn\u0131): \u015eekil olarak bir tavsiyede bulunmayaca\u011f\u0131m.Ancak scale bir u\u00e7ak yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z dikey stabilizerede bir airfoil yap\u0131s\u0131 vermenizi tavsiye ederim. Dikey stabilizerin alan\u0131 yatay stabilizerin alan\u0131n\u0131n 1\/3\u2032\u00fc olmal\u0131d\u0131r.Hareketli olan ruder alan\u0131 ise dikey stabilizerin alan\u0131n\u0131n 1\/3-1\/2\u2032si olmal\u0131d\u0131r.Bunun yan\u0131nda e\u011fer 3D akrobasi modeli yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z elevat\u00f6r\u00fcn alan\u0131 size kalm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fey. Baz\u0131 3D modellerde neredeyse dikey stabilizat\u00f6r olmay\u0131p komple elevat\u00f6r \u015feklinde bile olabilmektedir.Ancak ben size en az\u0131ndan elevat\u00f6r\u00fcn 1\/3 \u00fc kadar dikey stabilizat\u00f6r yapman\u0131z\u0131 Tavsiye ederim. Dikey stabiliz\u00f6r u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n eksenine paralel ve yatay stabiliz\u00f6re 90 derece a\u00e7\u0131 ile durmal\u0131d\u0131r. Alt\u0131nc\u0131 ad\u0131m: \u0130ni\u015f Tak\u0131m\u0131 Dizayn\u0131 \u00d6nce ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131 nas\u0131l olacak ona karar verin.Burundan tekerlimi olacak yoksa kuyruktan tekerli olacak ? Ana ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131 kanada m\u0131 yerle\u015ftirilecek yoksa g\u00f6vdeye mi yerle\u015ftirilecek ? B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar size kalm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fey.Bu konuda \u015f\u00f6yle olsun demeyece\u011fim.Her iki t\u00fcrde olan u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 da denemenizi tavsiye ederim.Ancak e\u011fer \u00e7im pistte yada toprak pistte u\u00e7uyorsan\u0131z size tavsiyem kuyruktan tekerli bir model yapman\u0131z.\u0130kinci olarak ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sabit mi yoksa a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r kapan\u0131r m\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131na karar verin.A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r kapan\u0131r olacaksa hava ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131 m\u0131 olacak yoksa yoksa servo ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan mekanik bir model mi olacak ? 60 l\u0131ktan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir modelde servo ile kontrol edilen mekanik ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131 tavsiye etmiyorum.Esas\u0131nda t\u00fcm ini\u015f tak\u0131mlar\u0131 haval\u0131 yap\u0131lsa \u00e7ok daha iyi olur.\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc mekanik a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r kapan\u0131r ini\u015f tak\u0131mlar\u0131 genellikle fazla problem \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131r.Bu arada \u015funu unutmay\u0131n.Bir u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerinde ne kadar fazla hareketli par\u00e7a varsa o kadar problem var demektir.Bu y\u00fczden a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r kapan\u0131r ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 pek tavsiye etmiyorum. Sabit bir ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131 olacaksa bu \u00e7elik tel mi olacak,al\u00fcminyum mu olacak yoksa fiberglas m\u0131 (vb) olacak buna karar verin.E\u011fer burundan tekerli bir model d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z ana ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131n tak\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 nokta a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k merkezinden 3.5-4 cm daha geride olmal\u0131d\u0131r.E\u011fer kuyruktan tekerli bir model d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n tak\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 nokta h\u00fccum kenar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu noktadan kanat geni\u015fli\u011finin 1\/4 \u00fc kadar geride olmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u0130ni\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n boyu pervanenin yere de\u011fmemesi i\u00e7in pervane ucunun yerden y\u00fcksekli\u011fi en az 4-5 cm y\u00fcksekte olacak \u015fekilde olmal\u0131d\u0131r.Ana ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fli\u011fi kanat boyunun 1\/2 si kadar olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yedinci ad\u0131m: G\u00f6vde dizayn\u0131E\u011fer scale bir model yapacaksan\u0131z diyecek bir \u015fey yok. E\u011fer kendiniz bir dizayn yapacaksan\u0131z a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki resimlerdeki \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcleri \u00f6rnek alabilirsiniz.Bu arada g\u00f6vdeyi k\u00f6\u015feli yapmay\u0131n bu s\u00fcr\u00fcklemeyi artt\u0131racakt\u0131r.Ayr\u0131ca u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yacak sa\u011flaml\u0131kta olmal\u0131d\u0131r.Geni\u015flik olarak u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n en az u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n radyo ekipman\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ine alacak kadar olmal\u0131d\u0131r.Pushrodlar birbirine s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmeyecek ve esnemeyecek \u015fekilde yerle\u015ftirilmelidir.G\u00f6vde esnememelidir.Pervaneler \u00e7e\u015fitli marka, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc, \u015fekilde ve farkl\u0131 malzemelerden yap\u0131labilirler. 1-A\u011fa\u00e7 2-Naylon 3-Fiberglasla g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmi\u015f Naylon 4-Fiberglas 5-Karbon Fiber A\u011fa\u00e7 fiberglas ve karbon fiber pervaneler iyi performans g\u00f6sterirler.Naylon pervaneler ucuzdur ancak esnektirler.Bu y\u00fczden titre\u015fim (vibrasyon) ve g\u00fc\u00e7 kayb\u0131na sebep olurlar. Kesinlikle naylon pervane kullanman\u0131z\u0131 tavsiye etmem. D\u0130KKAT! Pervanelerin, \u00f6zellikle plastik ve fiberglas destekli pervanelerin kenarlar\u0131 keskin olur.Bu y\u00fczden ellerinizi ve parmaklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 koruyun.Pervanenin keskin kenarlar\u0131n\u0131 ince z\u0131mpara ile temizleyin. Pervaneler \u00fczerinde iki numara yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak gelir. \u00d6rne\u011fin 10\u00d76 .Birinci numara pervanenin in\u00e7 olarak \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 verir.\u0130kinci numara ise pervanenin pitch (ad\u0131m) de\u011feridir.Yani 6 de\u011feri pervanenin bir 360 derecelik turda ilerledi\u011fi mesafenin in\u00e7 olarak de\u011feridir.Baz\u0131 pervanelerde bu de\u011fer mm olarak da belirtilir. Pervaneler \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekil ve tip lerde olabilir. Baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ucu sivri,baz\u0131lar\u0131 dar, baz\u0131lar\u0131 geni\u015f,baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ucu k\u00fct vb.Her firma pervanesini dizayn ederken maksimum verim vermesi i\u00e7in dizayn eder. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki modern pervaneler %80 verimli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131rlar. Pervane se\u00e7ilirken motora g\u00f6re de\u011fil de u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015f performans\u0131na g\u00f6re se\u00e7ilmelidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin WW I ( World War I )Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 modeline h\u0131z yar\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan bir pervane takarsan\u0131z u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015funu ciddi bir bi\u00e7imde limitlersiniz. Bu model u\u00e7aklar\u0131n g\u00f6vde s\u00fcr\u00fcklemesi fazla oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in pervane etkili olmayacak ve u\u00e7ak \u00e7ok yava\u015f u\u00e7acakt\u0131r. Pervanelerin \u00d6zellikleri a. Pervanenin ad\u0131m\u2019\u0131 (Pitch): Y\u00fcksek ad\u0131ml\u0131 pervane : 1.H\u0131zl\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015f sa\u011flarlar 2.Yava\u015f s\u00fcratlendirirler 3.Yava\u015f t\u0131rmanma sa\u011flarlar 4.\u0130ni\u015fte u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n s\u00fcratini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek zor olur D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ad\u0131ml\u0131 pervaneler: 1.Yava\u015f u\u00e7u\u015f s\u00fcrati 2.\u00c7abuk h\u0131zlanma 3.\u00c7abuk t\u0131rmanma 4.T\u00fcm motor devirlerinde \u00e7ok iyi motor devri kontrol\u00fc Bu ad\u0131m\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc arabalar\u0131n viteslerine benzetebiliriz.D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ad\u0131ml\u0131 pervane araban\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck vitesi gibidir. Yani ara\u00e7 s\u00fcrat yapmaz ancak \u00e7ok \u00e7abuk s\u00fcratlenir ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde \u00e7ekilir yada rampada g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde t\u0131rman\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek ad\u0131ml\u0131 pervane ise araban\u0131n y\u00fcksek vitesi gibidir.Y\u00fcksek vites de araba h\u0131zl\u0131 gider ancak h\u0131zlanmas\u0131 ve \u00e7eki\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc \u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.Rampalarda arac\u0131n s\u00fcrati h\u0131zla azal\u0131r. b.Pervanenin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 malzeme: 1: Ah\u015fap pervaneler : Ah\u015fap pervaneler hafif olduklar\u0131ndan ve motorun \u00fczerin az y\u00fck bindirdiklerinden di\u011fer malzemelerden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ayn\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcdeki pervanelere g\u00f6re daha y\u00fcksek devir sa\u011flarlar. Ancak \u00e7ok k\u0131r\u0131lgand\u0131rlar. Yeni ba\u015flayanlar i\u00e7in uygun de\u011fildir. Pervanenin ucu piste de\u011fdi\u011fi anda genelde pervane k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. 2: Fiberglass dolgulu naylon pervaneler : Piyasada en \u00e7ok bulunan ve kullan\u0131lan pervanelerdir. Fiyatlar\u0131 uygundur. A\u011f\u0131r ancak sa\u011flamd\u0131rlar.Ah\u015fap yada karbon fiber pervanelere g\u00f6re verimleri daha azd\u0131r ve d\u00f6nerken \u015fekil de\u011fi\u015ftirebilirler.Ancak yeni ba\u015flayanlar i\u00e7in uygundur. 3.Karbon fiber perveneler : Hafif,\u015fekli de\u011fi\u015fmeyen ve verimleri y\u00fcksek olan pervanelerdir.Ancak fiyatlar\u0131 y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fundan \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lmaz.Genellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck modellerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. 4. Naylon pervaneler : Kesinlikle tavsiye etmem. \u015eekilleri de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi i\u00e7in havada daima ad\u0131mlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fir ve bunun yan\u0131nda titre\u015fime sebep olurlar. c. Pervanenin \u015fekli : 1. Geni\u015f palli pervaneler : Bunlar daha \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck devirde d\u00f6nen motorlar da kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle 4 zamanl\u0131 motorlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131rlar.D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck devirli pervanelerde deyebiliriz. Bu pervaneler palleri daha geni\u015f oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck devirlerde daha fazla hava ak\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flarlar ve motora daha fazla y\u00fck bindirirler.Bu y\u00fczden iki zamanl\u0131 motorlar i\u00e7in uygun de\u011fillerdir. 2.Dar palli pervaneler : Bu pervaneler 2 zamanl\u0131 motorlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.Y\u00fcksek devirli pervanelerde eyebiliriz.Y\u00fcksek devirlerde y\u00fcksek hava ak\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flarlar. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda pervanelerin kesitinin sahip oldu\u011fu profilde \u00f6nemlidir.Ancak bu konu hakk\u0131nda fazla bilgim yok.Bu profil ayn\u0131 u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kanad\u0131ndaki profil yap\u0131s\u0131 gibi farkl\u0131 olabilmektedir.\u00dcretici firmalar kendi pervanelerinin en verimli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in kendileri profil yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ayarlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Birde pervanenin u\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n \u015fekli pervane performans\u0131na etki etmektedir. Kimisi sivri bitmekte,kimisi a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131 bitmekte kimisi de k\u00fct bir bi\u00e7imde olmaktad\u0131r.B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar pervanenin performans\u0131n\u0131 etkilemektedir.Bu \u015fekil \u00fcretici firman\u0131n o pervanenin maksimum verim vermesi i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. d. Pervanenin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 : Pervanenin a\u011f\u0131r olmas\u0131 volan etkisi yapar .Buda r\u00f6lantide motorun daha d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 demektir.Ancak u\u00e7a\u011fa ve motora extra y\u00fck getirmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca motor devrinin h\u0131zlan\u0131p,azalmas\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz y\u00f6nde etkiler. PERVANE SE\u00c7\u0130M\u0130: Model motorlar\u0131 belirli bir y\u00fck alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in dizayn edilmi\u015flerdir.Bunun i\u00e7in motor\/u\u00e7ak kombinasyonuna g\u00f6re pervane se\u00e7meliyiz.Ancak e\u011fer se\u00e7ece\u011fimiz pervane motora \u00e7ok az y\u00fck getirirse bu motorda devir a\u015f\u0131m\u0131na sebep olaca\u011f\u0131ndan motorun k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc doldurmas\u0131na sebep olur. Bunu terside e\u011fer pervane motora fazla y\u00fck bindiriyorsa bu da motorun a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131na sebep olarak \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0131salt\u0131r.Pekala pervaneyi neye g\u00f6re se\u00e7ece\u011fiz.Bunun i\u00e7in dikkat edece\u011fimiz konu pervanenin motora bindirece\u011fi y\u00fck ve devirdir. Motor ne \u00e7ok a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcks\u00fcz olarak y\u00fcksek devirde nede a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fckl\u00fc olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck devirde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dcretici firmalar motorlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli pervane se\u00e7enekleri sunmaktad\u0131r.Buna g\u00f6re orta \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerde \u00f6nerilen pervane ile ba\u015flanmas\u0131 uygun olacakt\u0131r.Pervane \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc belirlenirken basit bir yolla pervane \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc belirleyebiliriz. \u00d6rne\u011fin 46 l\u0131k bir motor i\u00e7in \u00fcretici firmalar\u0131n tavsiye etti\u011fi pervane11x6 d\u0131r.E\u011fer biz daha b\u00fcy\u00fck ad\u0131ml\u0131 pervane kullanacaksak pervane \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcz.Yani 11\u00d76 yerine 10\u00d77 9\u00d78 gibi.E\u011fer pervane \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131racaksak artt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z in\u00e7 kadar pervane ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcz.\u00d6rne\u011fin 11\u00d76 yerine 12\u00d75, 13\u00d74 gibi.Ancak bu bize y\u00fczde y\u00fcz garantili bir referans de\u011fildir.Ba\u015fta dedi\u011fimiz gibi pervane daha \u00e7ok motor\/u\u00e7ak kombinasyonuna g\u00f6re se\u00e7ilmelidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin akrobasi yada hover yapmak istiyoruz.46 bir motorun standard\u0131 11\u00d76 dedik.Bu durumda se\u00e7ece\u011fimiz pervane 12,25\u00d73,75 en uygun se\u00e7im olacakt\u0131r.\u0130kinci \u00f6rnek s\u00fcratli u\u00e7mak istiyoruz.Bunun i\u00e7in yine 46 l\u0131k motora g\u00f6re 10\u00d77 ya da 10\u00d77.5 daha uygun se\u00e7im olacakt\u0131r.Tecr\u00fcbelerime dayanarak sport iki zamanl\u0131 motorlar i\u00e7in \u015fu pervane \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerini tavsiye edece\u011fim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 40 l\u0131k motor 10\u00d76<\/p>\n\n\n\n 46 l\u0131k motor 11\u00d76<\/p>\n\n\n\n 61 lik motor 12\u00d76<\/p>\n\n\n\n 75 lik motor 13\u00d76<\/p>\n\n\n\n 91 lik motor 14\u00d76<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu limitler i\u00e7inde kal\u0131rsan\u0131z ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131z a\u011fr\u0131maz.Bu de\u011ferler \u00fczerinde u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z u\u00e7u\u015f performans\u0131na g\u00f6re ufak de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yapabilirsiniz.\u00d6rne\u011fin h\u0131zl\u0131 u\u00e7mak istiyorsan\u0131z pervane \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 bir in\u00e7 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fcp pervane ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bir in\u00e7 artt\u0131r\u0131n. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u00fcratte y\u00fcksek tork istiyorsan\u0131z.Pervane \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 bir in\u00e7 artt\u0131r\u0131p pervane ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bir in\u00e7 azalt\u0131n.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n performans\u0131na g\u00f6re de ara de\u011ferleri kendiniz belirleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n PAL SAYISI : <\/strong> Pervaneler bir,iki,\u00fc\u00e7 d\u00f6rt palli olabilirler. Tek palli pervaneler y\u00fcksek devirli s\u00fcrat motorlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.Genellikle tel kontroll\u00fc modellerdedir. Ben T\u00fcrkiye de ve model d\u00fckkanlar\u0131nda b\u00f6yle bir pervane g\u00f6rmedim. Sadece bir resimde g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcm.Sadece bilginiz olsun diye yaz\u0131yorum. Modelcilikte genellikle 2 palli pervaneler kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve en etkili pervaneler bu pervanelerdir. Modellerde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z pervanelerin \u00e7ap\u0131 ger\u00e7ek u\u00e7aklara g\u00f6re \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in 2 den daha fazla palli model pervanelerin pal u\u00e7lar\u0131 havay\u0131 da\u011f\u0131t\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden \u00e7ok palli model pervanelerinin iki palli pervanelere g\u00f6re verimleri daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Bu y\u00fczden iki palli pervane kullanman\u0131z\u0131 tavsiye ederim.3 yada 4 palli pervaneler daha \u00e7ok scale (\u00f6l\u00e7ekli ) modellerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca iki yada daha \u00e7ok motorlu modellerde motorlar aras\u0131ndaki yada motor ile g\u00f6vde aras\u0131ndaki mesafe az oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in tercih edilir.\u00d6rne\u011fin iki tane 46 l\u0131k motoru olan bir model yapt\u0131n\u0131z.Motorlar\u0131n g\u00f6vdeden uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 10 in\u00e7. 11\u00d76 yada 10\u00d77 pervane kullanamazs\u0131n\u0131z. Bu y\u00fczden 8 yada 7 in\u00e7lik \u00e7apta, motora ayn\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fc verecek 3 yada 4 palli pervane kullanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n PERVANELER\u0130N BALANSI :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Pervanelerin balans\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.Yenide olsa pervanenizin balans\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmelisiniz.Balans kontrol\u00fc i\u00e7in bir \u00e7ok yard\u0131mc\u0131 alet vard\u0131r bunlardan birini alarak kontrol edebilirsiniz.E\u011fer pervanenizin bir pali di\u011ferine g\u00f6re daha a\u011f\u0131rsa a\u011f\u0131r olan taraf\u0131n t\u00fcm g\u00f6vdesini g\u00f6vdenin \u015feklini bozmayacak \u015fekilde z\u0131mparalayarak dengelemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n.KES\u0130NL\u0130KLE A\u011eIR OLAN PAL\u0130N U\u00c7 KISMINI KISALTARAK DENGELEMEYE \u00c7ALI\u015eMAYIN. E\u011fer pervaneniz ah\u015fapsa z\u0131mparalad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z y\u00fczeyin \u00fczerinden pervaneyi yak\u0131t ve ya\u011fdan koruyan film katman\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 unutmay\u0131n.Bu zamanla pervanenin ya\u011f\u0131 emerek daha da dengesinin bozulmas\u0131na sebep olur.Bana g\u00f6re pervanenin a\u011f\u0131r palini z\u0131mparalayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131za hafif olan pali boyaman\u0131z daha mant\u0131kl\u0131.b\u00f6ylece hem pervanenin \u015feklini bozmam\u0131\u015f hem de koruyucu film tabakas\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rmam\u0131\u015f olursunuz. Balans\u0131 bozuk pervanelerin verdi\u011fi zararlar\u0131 da \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralayabiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1.<\/strong> Titre\u015fim k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede motor yataklar\u0131na zarar verir ve a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2.<\/strong> Motor g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3.<\/strong> Vibrasyon u\u00e7ak g\u00f6vdesinde ve \u00fczerindeki par\u00e7alarda yorgunlu\u011fa y\u0131pranmas\u0131na sebep olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 4.<\/strong> Vidalar\u0131n ve ba\u011flant\u0131 elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n gev\u015femesine sebep olur. (Eksozunuz yada karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcz d\u00fc\u015fer, gaz kolu \u00e7\u0131kabilir, servo vidalar\u0131 gev\u015feyip yerinden \u00e7\u0131kar vb)<\/p>\n\n\n\n 5.<\/strong> Depoda yak\u0131t\u0131n k\u00f6p\u00fcrmesine b\u00f6ylece motorun fakir kalmas\u0131na yada durmas\u0131na sebep olur<\/p>\n\n\n\n 6.<\/strong> Elektronik ekipmana zarar verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 7.<\/strong> Gev\u015feyen metal par\u00e7alar birbirine s\u00fcrter.Buda elektronik olarak parazite sebep olarak al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 etkiler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n PERVANEN\u0130N BA\u011eLANMASI :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6ncelikle pervanenin delik \u00e7ap\u0131 motorun krank mili \u00e7ap\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck olmamal\u0131.E\u011fer \u00e7ap b\u00fcy\u00fckse bu pervaneyi kullanmay\u0131n.\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc pervane motora ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda azda olsa e\u011fri olarak ba\u011flanacak b\u00f6ylece pervane d\u00f6nerken palleri farkl\u0131 eksende d\u00f6necek hem de balans problemine sebep olacakt\u0131r. Pervanenin delik \u00e7ap\u0131 pervane motor miline tatl\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131 ge\u00e7ecek \u015fekilde olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130kinci olarak pervanenin deli\u011fi pervaneye tam 90 derece delinmelidir. E\u011fer pervanenizin delik \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcltmek zorunda kal\u0131rsan\u0131z bunun i\u00e7in ayakl\u0131 bir matkap yada prop reamer (Pervane raybas\u0131) kullan\u0131n ve deli\u011fin 90 derece delinmesine dikkat edin.E\u011fer delik a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131 delinmi\u015fse pervanenizin palleri farkl\u0131 eksenlerde d\u00f6necektir.Buda performans d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne sebep olacakt\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc olarakta pervanenizi takarken motor tam s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma zaman\u0131nda iken tak\u0131n. Bunun iki faydas\u0131 olur. Birincisi motoru elle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 kolay olur. \u0130kincisi e\u011fer havada motorunuz durursa ini\u015fte pervaneniz yere paralel kal\u0131r ve yere s\u00fcrterek k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yada hasarlanmas\u0131n\u0131 engellersiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n DE\u011e\u0130\u015eKEN ADIMLI PERVANELER :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Esas\u0131nda u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda pal a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in sabit ad\u0131ml\u0131 pervane say\u0131labilir.Ancak u\u00e7u\u015ftan \u00f6nce pervanenin ad\u0131m\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilir ve sabitlenir. Tavsiyede etmem. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc pervanelin pallerininde kanad\u0131n profili gibi profil yap\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftim.Dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile pervaneninde bir h\u00fccum a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r. Siz pervanenin pal a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finizde bu profil sabit kalmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen h\u00fccum a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Bu y\u00fczden pervanenin verimi d\u00fc\u015fer.Zaten \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan bir pervane de\u011fildir. Kazas\u0131z k\u0131r\u0131ms\u0131z u\u00e7u\u015flar dile\u011fiyle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n BA\u015eLARKEN:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Neye bula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. Model U\u00e7aklarla ilgili bir\u00e7ok kitaba ve videoya internet \u00fczerinden ula\u015fabilirsiniz veya ger\u00e7ek modele ge\u00e7meden \u00f6nce bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131zda Radyo kontrol sim\u00fclasyonu deneyebilirsiniz. Kendinize bir e\u011fitmen bulun. Bir e\u011fitmen yard\u0131m\u0131yla \u00e7ok daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde tek ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131za u\u00e7may\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenebilirsiniz.E\u011fer e\u011fitmeninizin radyo vericisinde (trainer) e\u011fitici d\u00fczene\u011fi varsa kendi radyonuzla onun radyosunu birbirine ba\u011flayarak \u00e7ok daha az riskli bir \u015fekilde beraber u\u00e7abilirsiniz. Bir e\u011fitmen bulabilmek i\u00e7in model u\u00e7ak hobisi ile u\u011frasan arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zdan veya \u0130STANBUL MODEL U\u00c7AK KULUB\u00dc \u2018nden yard\u0131m alabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00dcZERINDE D\u00dc\u015e\u00dcN\u00dcLECEK B\u0130RKA\u00c7 SEY<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ne Kadar Harcamam Laz\u0131m? Bu tamamen sizin ay\u0131rabilece\u011finiz b\u00fct\u00e7eye ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.100 USD gibi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir b\u00fct\u00e7eile de bu hobiye ba\u015flayabilece\u011finiz gibi 1000 USD ve daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 da harcayabilirsiniz.Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 i\u00e7in eksiksiz bir set ortalama 500-700 USD tutar. Bir Model U\u00e7ak Ne Kadar H\u0131zl\u0131 U\u00e7ar? E\u011fitim U\u00e7aklar\u0131 40-60Km\/saat s\u00fcratinde u\u00e7arlar.10-20 Km\/saat s\u00fcratinde ini\u015f yapabilirler. Hobi ma\u011fazalar\u0131ndan alabilece\u011finiz modifiye edilmemi\u015f modeller 300 Km\/saat gibi y\u00fcksek bir s\u00fcrate \u00e7\u0131kabilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bir Model U\u00e7ak Ne Kadar Uza\u011fa Gidebilir? Sat\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z modern bir radyo kumanda sistemi ortalama 1,5 km mesafe i\u00e7inde model u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kontrol edebilir. Fakat kontrol sa\u011flayabilmeniz i\u00e7in modelin ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebilecek kadar yak\u0131n olman\u0131z laz\u0131md\u0131r. 2 metre kanat a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir model bile 750 metre gibi bir mesafede havada ancak bir nokta kadar g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Havada Yak\u0131t\u0131m Biterse Ne Olur? \u0130nan\u0131lan\u0131n aksine motorunuz havada dursa bile u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z hala kontrol edilebilir.Yapman\u0131z gereken bir plan\u00f6r gibi s\u00fcz\u00fclerek ini\u015fe gelmektir. Radyo kumanda sisteminizin pilleri kontrol i\u00e7in gerekli enerjiye sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Stall ve Angle Of Attack (h\u00fccum A\u00e7isi ) Stall.spin ve d\u00fc\u015fme ! Yukar\u0131daki \u00fc\u00e7 olay \u00e7ok sevdi\u011fimiz u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n katilidir.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z belirli limitler dahilinde u\u00e7mak zorundad\u0131r. U\u00e7aklar\u0131n dizaynlar\u0131na g\u00f6re bir\u00e7ok etken u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015funa ve u\u00e7u\u015f karakteristi\u011fine etki eder.Ancak her u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n dizayn\u0131na g\u00f6re havada tutunma s\u00fcrati vard\u0131r. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n s\u00fcrati bu s\u00fcratin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z stall olur yani kanatlardaki kald\u0131rma kuvveti u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan az oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z u\u00e7amaz ve d\u00fc\u015fer. Bu arada u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc de kaybedersiniz.Ancak stall sadece u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n havada kalma s\u00fcratinin alt\u0131na inince mi olur ? HAYIR.U\u00e7aklar\u0131n ANGLE of ATTACK ( Bundan sonra AOA diyece\u011fiz) denilen bir unsuru vard\u0131r. AOA k\u0131saca kanad\u0131n airfoil yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n u\u00e7ak d\u00fcz u\u00e7arken yery\u00fcz\u00fc ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131 diyebiliriz.A\u00e7\u0131 belirli bir dereceye kadar oldu\u011funda kanat kald\u0131rma kuvvetine sahiptir.Ancak AOA \u2018nin maksimum limiti a\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n s\u00fcrati u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n havada kalma s\u00fcratinin \u00fczerinde de olsa u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z stall olur.Stall sadece u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n s\u00fcratinin d\u00fc\u015fmesi ile olan bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. Kabaca \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klayabiliriz. Kanad\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131ndan hava ge\u00e7erken, hava kanad\u0131n \u015feklini (airfoilini) takip etti\u011fi noktaya kadar u\u00e7ak stall olamaz.Hava u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n airfoil yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 takip edemedi\u011fi noktada hava ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 durur(\u015fekle bak\u0131n\u0131z), kald\u0131rma kuvveti ortadan kalkar ve u\u00e7ak stall olup d\u00fc\u015fer. Dolay\u0131siyle u\u00e7ak de\u011fi\u015fik s\u00fcratlerde de stall olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c7o\u011fu \u00fcretici firma u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n stall s\u00fcratini belirli ko\u015fullara g\u00f6re a\u00e7\u0131klar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bunlar :<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1.<\/strong> D\u00fcz ve ayn\u0131 y\u00fckseklikte u\u00e7u\u015f<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2.<\/strong> U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3.<\/strong> Atmosfer \u015fartlar\u0131 (deniz seviyesi 21C derece)<\/p>\n\n\n\n 4.<\/strong> Motorun o anki takad\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n 5. <\/strong>Yard\u0131mc\u0131 kald\u0131rma elemanlar\u0131d\u0131r. (flaplar a\u00e7\u0131k ve kapal\u0131) T\u00fcm bunlar u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n stall AOA s\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki s\u00fcratine etki eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015eimdi u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na ele alal\u0131m. Ne stall olunan AOA ya tam olarak etki eder ? \u00c7o\u011funlukla airfoil \u015fekli ve kanat \u015feklidir.Siz u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda airfoil ve kanat \u015fekli sabittir. Dolay\u0131siyle AOA da sabit olur. Bundan sonra u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131 ve sizin u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l u\u00e7urdu\u011funuz u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n stall s\u00fcratini belirler. Bir \u00f6rnek verelim. 40\u2032l\u0131k ,5 pound a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda,500 in\u00e7karelik kanat y\u00fczeyine sahip,N-60 airfoil yap\u0131s\u0131 olan, aspect ratiosu 6 olan bir trainerin stall h\u0131z\u0131 20 milsaat civar\u0131d\u0131r. 3 paundluk bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ekledi\u011finizde bu u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n stall h\u0131z\u0131 26 mil olur. \u00c7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc g\u00f6z\u00fckm\u00fcyor. Ancak e\u011fer 14 mil s\u00fcratle esen r\u00fczgarda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 indirdi\u011finizde yer h\u0131z\u0131 (bizim g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz h\u0131z) 3 pound a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k y\u00fcz\u00fcnden ikiye katlanacakt\u0131r. Fakat her iki \u00f6rnektede AOA 10 derecedir.3 poundluk a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 60 derecelik bir a\u00e7\u0131 ile yat\u0131rarak d\u00f6nd\u00fcrelim. Stall h\u0131z\u0131 30 mil olacakt\u0131r. Fakat hala AOA 10 derece. Ayr\u0131ca 5 G\u2019lik bir kuvvetle loop atarsak stall h\u0131z\u0131 46 mil olacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n stall s\u00fcrati tam gazda iken sahip oldu\u011fu s\u00fcratin biraz alt\u0131nda olacakt\u0131r. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n g\u00f6re stall olmamak i\u00e7in u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n s\u00fcrati sizin i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli de\u011fildir. Zaten s\u00fcrati tahminde edemezsiniz. Bunun yerine u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n hareketlerini g\u00f6zleyin. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n hareketi (burnu ne kadar yukar\u0131da) size stalla ne kadar yak\u0131n yada uzak oldu\u011funuzu s\u00f6yleyecektir. Bu arada kumandadaki di\u011fer etki olan kumanda kolunun hareketine bakal\u0131m.(Hareket mesafesi).Dengeli bir u\u00e7akta kolun hareket miktar\u0131 (elevat\u00f6r\u00fcn hareket miktar\u0131) u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n u\u00e7tu\u011fu AOA y\u0131 belirler.E\u011fer k\u00f6t\u00fc bir stalla kolun tam geri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir durumda giriyorsan\u0131z elevat\u00f6r hareketini k\u0131s\u0131tlamal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.\u00c7o\u011fu trainer plan\u0131 normal u\u00e7u\u015f \u015fartlar\u0131nda stall olmadan u\u00e7abilece\u011finiz elevator hareket mesafesini verir.Ancak bunun \u00fczerindeki de\u011ferler sizin karar verece\u011finiz ve u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131zla ne yapmak istedi\u011finize g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fen de\u011ferlerdir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 u\u00e7ururken nez aman stall oldu\u011funu yada stalla ne zaman yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zleyin. Patern yada yar\u0131\u015f u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki u\u00e7aklar genellikle biraz gaz vermekle ve elevat\u00f6r\u00fc biraz indirmekle stalldan kurtulur. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z nas\u0131l stalla giriyor, girmeden \u00f6nce nas\u0131l tepki veriyor ve nas\u0131l bu duruma d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckten sonra kurtuluyor ?B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleyin. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131zlardaki davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131, performans\u0131n\u0131 ve u\u00e7u\u015f karakteristi\u011fini g\u00f6zlemleyin. B\u00f6ylece emniyetli bir pilot olursunuz. Daha \u00f6nce stalldan biraz bahsetmi\u015ftik. \u015eimdi staldan korunmak i\u00e7in baz\u0131 tekniklerden bahsedelim.\u00d6ncelikle de\u011fi\u015fik \u015fekildeki kanatlar\u0131n stall\u0131 \u00fczerinde dural\u0131m. Genellikle AOA artt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u00fcz kanatlarda, yani \u00e7o\u011fu trainerde stall g\u00f6vdeye yak\u0131n noktadaki kanat b\u00f6lgesinde olu\u015fur. Bu iyidir. \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir miktar kald\u0131rma kuvveti azalmas\u0131na ve g\u00f6vdeye yak\u0131n kanat b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde hava ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczensiz olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen kanat u\u00e7alar\u0131nda hala havan\u0131n kald\u0131rma kuvveti mevcuttur. Bunun anlam\u0131da hala aileronlar\u0131n u\u00e7a\u011fa kumanda etmesidir. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n burnu biraz d\u00fc\u015fecek ve d\u00fcz u\u00e7u\u015fa yak\u0131n bir seviyede u\u00e7u\u015fa devam edecektir. Bu arada u\u00e7ak hala kontrol\u00fcm\u00fczdedir. Ancak tapered kanatlarda yani kanat \u015fekli g\u00f6vdeden kanat ucuna giderken daralan kanatlarda durum farkl\u0131d\u0131r.Stall \u00f6nce kanat u\u00e7lar\u0131nda ba\u015flar.\u00d6nce hangi kanatta stall olduysa o kanat a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer. Aileron kontrol\u00fc kaybolur ve basit\u00e7e stall \u00e7abucak bir snap roll olur. \u00d6zetlersek stall kanat u\u00e7unda ba\u015flarsa o kanat a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer (k\u00f6t\u00fc bir bi\u00e7imde).Fakat stall g\u00f6vdeye yak\u0131n bir yerde ba\u015flarsa u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n burnu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer,ancak hala kontrol edilebilir. Ancak hangisi bizim i\u00e7in uygundur? Cevap nedir ? Dengeli bir bi\u00e7imde stall olabilecek bir u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l yapabiliriz? Birinci cevap WASHOUT\u2019 dur. Kanad\u0131 in\u015faa ederken yapaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7ok az b\u00fck\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f (buruk) bir kanat ,kanat u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n daha az AOA da u\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Normalde kanat u\u00e7alar\u0131nda 2 derecelik (\u015eekle bak\u0131n\u0131z) de\u011fi\u015fme yani AOA n\u0131n az olmas\u0131 kanat u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n daha ge\u00e7 stall olmas\u0131na sebep olur. \u00c7o\u011fu kitlerde hatta d\u00fcz kanatl\u0131 u\u00e7aklar\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131nda bile washout vard\u0131r. Kanat in\u015faa edilirken in\u015faa masas\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kanat u\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n firar kenar\u0131 kanat ortas\u0131ndaki firar kenar\u0131na g\u00f6re biraz daha yukar\u0131da oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ve bu \u015fekilde in\u015faa edilir. Di\u011fer yol ise kanat ortas\u0131nda ve kanat u\u00e7unda de\u011fi\u015fik yap\u0131da airfoil yap\u0131s\u0131na sahip kanat in\u015faa etmektir. Y\u00fcksek AOA da stall olan airfoil kanat ucunda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck AOA da stall olan airfoil kanat ortas\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bunu k\u00f6p\u00fck kanatlarda sa\u011flamak \u00e7ok kolayd\u0131r. Fakat balsa kanatlarda nadiren uygulan\u0131r.\u0130n\u015faa edilmi\u015f balsa kanatlarda NASA droops bunu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. NASA droops anti-stall modifikasyonlu h\u00fccum kenar\u0131n\u0131n, kanat ucundaki normal h\u00fccum kenar\u0131n\u0131n % 35- 40 l\u0131k b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne eklenmesidir Yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir kanad\u0131 en kolay modifiye etmenin yolu kanad\u0131n orta k\u0131sm\u0131ndaki h\u00fcc\u00fcm kenar\u0131n\u0131n % 20-25 lik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne \u015fekildeki gibi \u015ferit (strip) eklemektir. Bu h\u00fccum kener\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiklik yaparak t\u00fcrb\u00fclans\u0131 etkiler. Buda kanad\u0131n orta k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n u\u00e7lara g\u00f6re daha erken stall olmas\u0131na sebep olur. Sonu\u00e7 olarak k\u00f6t\u00fc stall olan bir u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z varsa u\u00e7urmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131n. Mutlaka d\u00fc\u015fecektir. Sadece NASA droops yada strip ekleyin. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z daha iyi u\u00e7acakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pervane Etkileri Ara s\u0131ra hepimiz u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmaz ve esrarengiz bir bi\u00e7imde hareket etti\u011fi ve bunun i\u00e7inde bizim bir kumanda vermedi\u011fimizi s\u00f6yleriz.\u00d6zellikle kalk\u0131\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda motor torku bunu yapt\u0131 ben kumanda vermedim yada motor torku u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131 sola \u00e7ekti bende biraz sa\u011f rudder verdim gibi ifadeler kullan\u0131r\u0131z. Bu ger\u00e7ekte pervanenin etkilerinden dolay\u0131d\u0131r. Motor torkundan de\u011fil.Temel olarak d\u00f6rt \u00e7esit pervane etkisi vard\u0131r. Bunlar spiral hava ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 (spiral propwash), asimetrik y\u00fckleme (p-fakt\u00f6r\u00fc), tork ve cayroskobik etkidir. K\u0131saca bunlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayal\u0131m : Spiral Hava Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 (spiral propwash) : Pervane \u00f6nden al\u0131p arkaya g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi havay\u0131 tam d\u00fcz olarak arkaya g\u00f6ndermez. Hava ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 arkaya do\u011fru spiral \u015feklinde d\u00f6nerek hareket eder.\u0130\u015fte problem bu d\u00f6nerek ilerleyen havan\u0131n Fin\/ruddera ula\u015fmas\u0131 ile ba\u015flar.E\u011fer Fin\/Rudder (Y\u00f6n d\u00fcmeni) yukar\u0131da olacak \u015fekilde yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015fse d\u00f6nerek arkaya hareket eden havan\u0131n \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131 fin\/ruddera \u00e7arpar (resim-1-) ve u\u00e7ak sola d\u00f6ner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n (Yaw ekseninde)Kuyruktan tekerli bir model bu etkiye pek tepki vermez.\u00e7\u00fcnki kuru\u011fu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in fin\/rudder hava ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n merkezine yak\u0131nd\u0131r.Dolay\u0131siyle fin\/rudder\u0131n her iki taraf\u0131nda e\u015fit kuvvet vard\u0131r. -Fakt\u00f6r\u00fc (asimetrik y\u00fckleme) : Daha \u00e7ok kuyruktan tekerli modellerde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.Bunun sebebi \u015fudur : Bek tekerli modellerde u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n burnu havadad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131siyle pervane \u00f6nden gelen hava ak\u0131m\u0131ile dik de\u011fil belirli bir a\u00e7\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bu durum y\u00fcksek h\u00fccum a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ile u\u00e7an her u\u00e7akta \u00f6zellikle kalk\u0131\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.Hava pervaneye dik de\u011filde belirli bir a\u00e7\u0131 ile geldi\u011finde pervanenin bir pali di\u011ferine g\u00f6re daha y\u00fcksek h\u00fccum a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ile d\u00f6ner. Meydana gelen itme kuvveti u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015f ekseni ile paralel de\u011fil ve farkl\u0131 kuvvettedir. Buda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n d\u00f6nemsine sebep olur.Bu durum genellikle u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n burnu yukar\u0131da iken olur ve u\u00e7ak sola do\u011fru kendi kendine d\u00f6ner. Tork : Pervane d\u00f6nerken hava ile pervane y\u00fczeyinde bir s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak da bir diren\u00e7 (drag) olu\u015fur. Yani hava pervaneyi tutmak ister. Buda pervanenin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn ters y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir kuvvet olu\u015fturur. Pervanelerimiz sa\u011fa do\u011fru d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00fczerinde sola do\u011fru roll ekseninde u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek isteyen bir kuvvet olu\u015fur. Dikkat edin biraz \u00f6nce bahsetti\u011fimiz iki kuvvet yaw eksini \u00fczerinde idi.bu ise roll ekseni \u00fczerinde. Bu kuvveti n\u00f6t\u00fcrlemek i\u00e7in aileronlar\u0131 kullan\u0131r\u0131z.Ancak bu kuvvet \u00e7ok fazla de\u011fildir.Yerde ise bu kuvveti ini\u015f tak\u0131mlar\u0131 dengeler. Cayroskobik Etki : H\u0131zla d\u00f6nen pervenenin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 cayroskop etkisi g\u00f6sterir ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f ekseninin de\u011fi\u015fimine kar\u015f\u0131 bir diren\u00e7 olu\u015fturur.\u00d6zellikle \u00e7ok \u00e7abuk bir \u015fekilde u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015f ekseni de\u011fi\u015fiyorsa bu g\u00fc\u00e7 daha kuvvetli olur. Yere paralel u\u00e7an bir u\u00e7ak birden bire 90 derecelik bir a\u00e7\u0131 ile t\u0131rmanmaya kalkarsa b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fc\u00e7 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu g\u00fc\u00e7 u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 yaw ekseninde sa\u011fa do\u011fru d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcr.\u0130nanmas\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 de\u011fil mi ? \u015e\u00f6yle deneyin. Motorunuzu tam gazda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken sol elinizle \u00f6n kanattan sa\u011f elinizle g\u00f6vdenin arka k\u0131sm\u0131ndan tutup h\u0131zla a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ve yukar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131n. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011fa do\u011fru \u00e7eken bir g\u00fcc\u00fcn oldu\u011funu hissedeceksiniz.U\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda bu g\u00fc\u00e7 stall turn de ve flopoverda i\u015finize yarayacakt\u0131r. Yukar\u0131daki bilgilere g\u00f6re ne yapmal\u0131y\u0131z ? U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n karekteristi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenin ve rudder ile d\u00fczeltme yap\u0131n. Bir \u00f6rnek:Piper Cub kalk\u0131\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda ground loop atma e\u011filimi olan bir u\u00e7ak. \u0130\u015fte neler oluyor a\u00e7\u0131klayal\u0131m: Gaz verdiniz.modeliniz h\u0131zlanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.P-fakt\u00f6r\u00fcnden dolay\u0131 sola \u00e7ekmesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in sola rudder verdiniz. Kuyruk hala yerde.Kuyruk tekerle\u011fi u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6nlendirmek i\u00e7in hala etkili ve d\u00fcz gitmesi i\u00e7in ruddera biraz daha y\u00fcklendiniz.Biraz daha h\u0131z art\u0131nca kuyruk yerden kesildi.Dolay\u0131siyle fin\/rudder y\u00fckseldi. Kuyruk yerde iken fin\/rudder\u0131n iki y\u00fczeyine spiral hava ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n etkisi yoktu. Ancak kuyruk y\u00fckselince fin\/rudder y\u00fckdeldi ve spiral hava ak\u0131\u015f ekseninden uzakla\u015ft\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden u\u00e7ak tekrar sola d\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flad\u0131 ve siz ruddera biraz daha y\u00fcklendiniz.U\u00e7ak biraz daha h\u0131zland\u0131.Fin\/ruddera ula\u015fan hava ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131 ve siz hala sa\u011f rudder kumandas\u0131 veriyorsunuz. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f olsun havada de\u011filsiniz. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kalk\u0131\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki bu istenmeyen d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fleri azaltmak i\u00e7in uygulanacak bir metod kalk\u0131\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda kalk\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131ncaya kadar kuyru\u011fu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da tutmakt\u0131r.Bu kuyruk tekerini s\u0131k\u0131ca yere bast\u0131r\u0131r ve kontrol\u00fc kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in biraz y\u00fckseli\u015f kumandas\u0131 vermek(\u00c7ok a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fil) harika sonu\u00e7 verecektir. Ancak u\u00e7ak yerden kesildikten sonra birden bire t\u0131rmanmas\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in y\u00fckseli\u015f kumandas\u0131n\u0131 biraz azalt\u0131n. Farzedinki s\u00fcratiniz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckken u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131n\u0131z.H\u00fccum a\u00e7\u0131n\u0131z y\u00fcksek ve p- fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn etkisi (belki birazda spiral hava ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n etkisi) ile u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z sola do\u011fru d\u00f6nd\u00fc.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in sa\u011f ailerona y\u00fcklenirseniz b\u00fcy\u00fck hata yapars\u0131n\u0131z.Bu durumda RUDDER kullanmak daha do\u011frudur.E\u011fer sadece sa\u011f aileronu kullan\u0131rsan\u0131z u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z havada takoz gibi olacak ,d\u00fczensiz u\u00e7acak sonra stall ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f.\u0130nan\u0131n ben bunu ya\u015fad\u0131m. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n prob etkisinden nas\u0131l etkilenece\u011fi u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n tipine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir.Patern tipi u\u00e7aklarda bu etki daha azd\u0131r.\u00d6nden motorlu delta kanat bir model y\u00fcksek h\u00fccum a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ile u\u00e7ar ve y\u00fcksek kuyru\u011fu vard\u0131r. Dolay\u0131siyle p-fakt\u00f6r\u00fc ve spiral hava ak\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan daha \u00e7ok etkilenir.Bu y\u00fczden u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 tan\u0131y\u0131n ve d\u00fczeltici i\u015flemleri bulun. Genellikle sa\u011f rudder problemlerinizi \u00e7\u00f6zecektir.Daha iyi ve d\u00fczg\u00fcn u\u00e7an bir pilot olacaks\u0131n\u0131z.Ve inan\u0131yorum ki bir yada iki u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bu sebeplerle k\u0131rmayacaks\u0131n\u0131z. Motor A\u00e7isi (engine Thrust Line) Pervane etkileri yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 okuduysan\u0131z u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u00fcratte \u2013 y\u00fcksek s\u00fcratte ve y\u00fcksek h\u00fccum a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ile u\u00e7tu\u011fu zaman sola do\u011fru d\u00f6nmeyi istedi\u011fini biliyorsunuz.Ancak bundan bahsederken u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n motor ekseninin,dolay\u0131s\u0131yle u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ne do\u011fru \u00e7eken kuvvet ekseninin u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n eksenine paralel oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek bahsettik.Bu her zaman iyi bir \u015fey de\u011fildir.B\u00fct\u00fcn pilotlar do\u011fru zamanda do\u011fru oranda sa\u011f rudder kumandas\u0131 vermeyi bilemeyebilir.Yada o tecr\u00fcbede olamayabilir.Herkes u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n daima d\u00fcz u\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131 ister.\u0130\u015fte bu y\u00fczden u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n her zaman d\u00fcz u\u00e7mas\u0131 i\u00e7in motorun u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re olan a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 birka\u00e7 derece kadar sa\u011fa do\u011fru ayarlarsak bu problemi kolayl\u0131kla \u00e7\u00f6zeriz. Motorumuza birka\u00e7 derece sa\u011fa do\u011fru a\u00e7\u0131 verdi\u011fimizde do\u011fal olarak u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ileri \u00e7eken kuvvet sa\u011fa do\u011fru birka\u00e7 derecelik bir e\u011fimle \u00e7ekerek u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 sa\u011fa d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek isteyecektir.E\u011fer bu kuvvet pervane etkisi ile sola do\u011fru olan kuvvete e\u015fit olursa u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z d\u00fcz u\u00e7acakt\u0131r.Ancak \u015funu unutmay\u0131n. Bu dengeleme u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z d\u00fcz u\u00e7arken etkili olacakt\u0131r.E\u011fer u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ters u\u00e7u\u015fa ge\u00e7irirseniz bu a\u00e7\u0131 sola do\u011fru d\u00f6nece\u011fi i\u00e7in pervane etkisinin kuvvetini DAHA DA artt\u0131racakt\u0131r. Motor a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yada yukar\u0131 ayarlanarak baz\u0131 problemler \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir. Kanat profilinin alt k\u0131sm\u0131 d\u00fcz olan e\u011fitim modellerinde \u00f6zellikle motor tam g\u00fc\u00e7le \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken model s\u00fcrekli a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 derecede yukar\u0131 t\u0131rmanmak ister.E\u011fitim modelleri genellikle yar\u0131m gazda trim yap\u0131l\u0131r ve pilot bu s\u00fcratte u\u00e7ar.Ancak u\u00e7a\u011fa tam gaz verildi\u011finde u\u00e7ak t\u0131rmanmak ister.Bunu engellemek i\u00e7inde motor a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re birka\u00e7 derece a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 do\u011fru ayarlar\u0131z.B\u00f6ylelikle u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n her s\u00fcratte d\u00fcz u\u00e7mas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. Motor a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ayarlamak \u00e7ok kolayd\u0131r.Motor yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131na koyaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7e\u015fitli kal\u0131nl\u0131ktaki pullar probleminizi \u00e7\u00f6zecektir.\u00d6ncelikle profesyonel olarak dizayn edilmi\u015f kitlerde bu a\u00e7\u0131lar belirlenmi\u015ftir.Par\u00e7alar kesilirken bu a\u00e7\u0131lara g\u00f6re kesilmi\u015f ve ayarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Ayr\u0131ca bu a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n planda ne kadar olaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. Ancak bu a\u00e7\u0131lar \u00e7ok az oldu\u011fundan in\u015faa s\u0131ras\u0131nda hatal\u0131 yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131l\u0131rsa yanl\u0131\u015f olabilir.Ayr\u0131ca plandan kendiniz yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z tam olarak bu a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 ayarlayamayabilirsiniz.Yada bir kaza sonucu motor yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu firewall k\u0131r\u0131labilir.Yenisini yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda yada yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda ayn\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131y\u0131 veremeyebilirsiniz. Pekala do\u011fru a\u00e7\u0131y\u0131 nas\u0131l bulup ayarlayaca\u011f\u0131z ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1.<\/strong> E\u011fer u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u00fcratte ve y\u00fcksek s\u00fcratte u\u00e7arken sola do\u011fru \u00e7ekiyorsa yada sola d\u00f6nerken burnunu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcp sa\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fte burnunu yukar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131yorsa motora sa\u011fa do\u011fru verece\u011finiz birka\u00e7 derecelik a\u00e7\u0131 problemi \u00e7\u00f6zecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2<\/strong>.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 tam gaz u\u00e7arken trim yapt\u0131n\u0131z.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z d\u00fcz u\u00e7uyor fakat gaz kesince burnunu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 veriyor. Tekrar trim yapt\u0131n\u0131z.Ancak gaz verince de t\u0131rmanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.Motora verece\u011finiz birka\u00e7 derecelik a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 do\u011fru a\u00e7\u0131 bu probleminizi \u00e7\u00f6zecektir.Do\u011fru a\u00e7\u0131 derecesini birka\u00e7 u\u00e7u\u015ftan sonra bulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131za eminim. Yukar\u0131daki teknikler u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n triminin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr.E\u011fer u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z istedi\u011finiz gibi d\u00fcz u\u00e7muyorsa \u00fczerinde de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapmaktan korkmay\u0131n.Motor a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek hem kolay hem de ho\u015fnut olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda geri al\u0131nmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn bir de\u011fi\u015fikliktir. Ne Kadar Dihedral Yeterli Dihedral U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kanad\u0131n\u0131n \u201d V \u201d \u015feklindeki a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.Aerodinamik d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda dihedralin ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n yeterli oldu\u011fu size ve sizin u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan neler istedi\u011finize ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.Ne kadar hareketli olmal\u0131, ne kadar dengeli u\u00e7mal\u0131, nas\u0131l roll yapmal\u0131 ?Hepsi size ba\u011fl\u0131. Fazla dihedrale sahip u\u00e7aklar kendi kendilerine d\u00fcz u\u00e7u\u015f \u00f6zelli\u011fine ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f sonunda kendi kendine d\u00fcz u\u00e7u\u015fa ge\u00e7me \u00f6zelli\u011fine sahiptir.Bu pilotun s\u00fcrekli u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 d\u00fcz tutmak i\u00e7in kumandalarla sava\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller. Birinci u\u00e7ak yere paralel u\u00e7uyor.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya do\u011fru u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ekiyor.Sa\u011f ve sol kanad\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcne olan a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 e\u015fit.Dolay\u0131siyle her iki kanad\u0131n kald\u0131rma kuvveti e\u015fit oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in u\u00e7ak d\u00fcz u\u00e7uyor.\u0130kinci u\u00e7ak sola do\u011fru yatm\u0131\u015f.Her iki kanad\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcne g\u00f6re olan a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f. Dolay\u0131siyle kanatlar\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcne g\u00f6re olan izd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlerinin alanlar\u0131 da de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f.Sol kanat yery\u00fcz\u00fcne g\u00f6re daha paralel oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in sa\u011f kanada g\u00f6re kanat y\u00fczeyi daha fazla.Bu y\u00fczden daha fazla kald\u0131rma kuvveti \u00fcretiyor. Di\u011fer kanat ise daha az kald\u0131rma kuvveti \u00fcretiyor.Dolay\u0131siyle sol kanat u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n sol taraf\u0131n\u0131 daha fazla bir kuvvetle kald\u0131r\u0131yor.Bu \u00f6zellik pilot d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f sonunda kontrol sti\u011fini b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda (n\u00f6tr duruma ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda) u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kendi kendine d\u00fcz u\u00e7u\u015fa ge\u00e7mesini sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Ancak yukar\u0131daki durum iyi yan\u0131.\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yukar\u0131da kalan sa\u011f kanad\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kald\u0131rma kuvveti \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi bir a\u00e7\u0131ya sahip.Dolay\u0131siyle u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 yana do\u011fru (Sola do\u011fru) itecektir. E\u011fer pilot bu durumda d\u00fczeltici bir kumanda vermezse bu durumda olacaklar u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n Fin\/Rudder b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fecektir.E\u011fer Fin\/Rudder alan\u0131 yeterli b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte ise u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n yana kaymas\u0131 u\u00e7ak d\u00fcz u\u00e7u\u015fa ge\u00e7inceye kadar devam edecektir. E\u011fer Fin\/Rudder alan\u0131 fazla olursa bu sefer u\u00e7ak yana do\u011fru fazla kaymayacak ve biz d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcze bu \u015fekilde devam edece\u011fiz.Bu arada d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ften dolay\u0131 do\u011fan merkezka\u00e7 kuvveti u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kendi kendini d\u00fczeltme \u00f6zelli\u011fini ortadan kald\u0131racakt\u0131r.Bu durumda di\u011fer kanat y\u00fckselecek ve burun a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015ferek spiral bir u\u00e7u\u015f sergileyecektir.Buna spiral karas\u0131zl\u0131k denir.\u00c7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Fin\/Rudder alan\u0131 var ise bu sefer u\u00e7ak d\u00fcz u\u00e7u\u015fa ge\u00e7se bile yana kayma devam edecektir. Pilot kaymay\u0131 d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in ters y\u00f6nde kumanda verecektir.Bunun sonucunda u\u00e7ak dengesiz bir bi\u00e7imde sanki sarho\u015f bir insan\u0131n yalpalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi sa\u011fa sola yalpalayarak u\u00e7acakt\u0131r. Yukar\u0131daki bilgiler plan\u00f6rler ve serbest u\u00e7u\u015f pilotlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.Bize u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda dihedralin u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l kayd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve u\u00e7u\u015fa olan iyi-k\u00f6t\u00fc etkisini a\u00e7\u0131klar.Resimdeki dihedrali olan ve kayarak yada dengesiz u\u00e7an son u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u015fekline dikkat edin. Bu durum pilot rudder kumandas\u0131 verdi\u011finde yada u\u00e7ak yandan r\u00fczgar ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olur.\u0130ki kanat aras\u0131ndaki h\u00fccum a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fcklenme ekseninden \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na sebep olur. K\u0131sacas\u0131 yukar\u0131daki bilgilerin \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda biraz fazla dihedral bize d\u00fcz u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda daha d\u00fczg\u00fcn ve kolay u\u00e7u\u015f sa\u011flar.Ancak r\u00fczgarl\u0131 havalarda iyi de\u011fildir.\u0130ni\u015f-kalk\u0131\u015f, yerde u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 kullanma ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fler biraz \u00e7irkin ve k\u00f6t\u00fc olabilir.Ayr\u0131ca roll yaparken u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z u\u00e7u\u015f ekseninde roll yapmaz. Yalpalayarak ve irtifa kaybederek yava\u015f roll yapar.B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlara g\u00f6re ne kadar dihedral istedi\u011finize siz kara verecksiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A\u011firlik Merkezi ( Cg \u2013 Center Of Gravity ) Ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z her kitte yada planda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k merkezin nerede olaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir.Balans noktas\u0131 da denilen a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k merkezi kanad\u0131n h\u00fccum kenar\u0131ndan firar kenar\u0131na do\u011fru olan mesafenin genellikle 1\/3 mesafesinde olan noktadad\u0131r. Yani 30 cm. eni olan bir kanatta bu nokta h\u00fccum kenar\u0131ndan firar kenar\u0131na do\u011fru olan onuncu santimetrenin oldu\u011fu noktadad\u0131r.Bu \u00fc\u00e7e bir oran\u0131 genel bir orand\u0131r.U\u00e7aktan u\u00e7a\u011fa bu de\u011fi\u015febilir.Baz\u0131 planlarda ise a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k noktas\u0131 iki nokta aras\u0131nda verilebilir.Bunun sebebi u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015f karakterini sizin tercihinize g\u00f6re olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7indir. Pekala CG u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015funa nas\u0131l etki eder ? E\u011fer u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k merkezi \u00f6nde ise yani u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n burun k\u0131sm\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r ise u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z daha dengeli u\u00e7acakt\u0131r.Ancak u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 al\u00e7alt\u0131p y\u00fckseltirken daha fazla elevat\u00f6r hareketine ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olacakt\u0131r. Bu arada u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015flerde burnunu daha \u00e7abuk a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecektir. K\u0131sacas\u0131 al\u00e7al\u0131\u015f ve y\u00fckseli\u015flerde u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z biraz sa\u011f\u0131r olacakt\u0131r. Bunun aksi olarak e\u011fer a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k merkezi arkada ise bu sefer u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z pitch ekseninde yani al\u00e7al\u0131\u015f ve y\u00fckseli\u015fte A\u015eIRI hassas olacakt\u0131r. \u00c7ok az bir elevat\u00f6r hareketine ra\u011fmen u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 tepki verecektir. Hatta baz\u0131 durumlarda u\u00e7ak u\u00e7urulamayacak kadar hassas olabilir.Bu y\u00fczden modelinizi in\u015faa ettikten sonra ilk u\u00e7u\u015funda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n burun k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n biraz a\u011f\u0131r olmas\u0131na yani a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k merkezinin \u00f6nde olmas\u0131na dikkat edin. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc burnu a\u011f\u0131r olan u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 kuyru\u011fu a\u011f\u0131r olan u\u00e7a\u011fa g\u00f6re u\u00e7urmak \u00e7ok daha kolay ve emniyetlidir.Daha sonraki u\u00e7u\u015flarda bataryan\u0131n yerini yada ekledi\u011finiz a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 alarak yada azaltarak u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015f karakterini kendinize g\u00f6re ayarlayabilirsiniz. \u015eimdi u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n CG noktas\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l tespit edip ayarlayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 anlatal\u0131m.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n yak\u0131t deposu bo\u015f iken b\u00fct\u00fcn servolar\u0131,pilleri ve aksesuarlar\u0131 \u00fczerine monteli iken iki kanat ucundan parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ucu ile yada bir kalem ile planda belirtilen a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k noktas\u0131ndan havaya kald\u0131r\u0131n.Bu durumda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z burnunu hafif\u00e7e a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya vermelidir. E\u011fer u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n burnu fazla a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya bas\u0131yorsa \u00f6ncelikle pil yada servolar\u0131n yerini de\u011fi\u015ftirerek dengelemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n.E\u011fer yetmiyorsa kuyru\u011fun en u\u00e7 noktas\u0131na kur\u015fun a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ekleyerek dengeleyin.E\u011fer kuyruk a\u011f\u0131r geliyorsa tam tersini yaparak burun k\u0131sm\u0131na a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ekleyin.M\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k eklemeden ayarlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n. Ekledi\u011finiz her a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015funu etkileyecektir.B\u00fct\u00fcn bu i\u015flemleri yaparken yak\u0131t deposunun bo\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131 unutmay\u0131n.Bunun sebebi u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n motoru havada iken yak\u0131t bitti\u011fi i\u00e7in durursa u\u00e7ak burnunu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya vermeli ki s\u00fcz\u00fclerek u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 indirebilesiniz.E\u011fer bu olmazsa u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kontrol edemezsiniz. Bu arada u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n roll eksenini de kontrol etmelisiniz.Bunun i\u00e7in u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n burnundan ve kuyru\u011fundan tutarak havaya kald\u0131r\u0131n. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z dengede olmal\u0131d\u0131r.E\u011fer bir kanat a\u011f\u0131r gelip a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya bas\u0131yorsa di\u011fer kanad\u0131n ucuna dengelemek i\u00e7in kur\u015fun a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ekleyin.Ancak unutmay\u0131n ki e\u011fer her iki kanat aras\u0131nda in\u015faadan dolay\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k fark\u0131 varsa siz a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k koyarak dengeleseniz bile u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131r olan kanat sa\u011fa sola yat\u0131\u015flarda etkisini g\u00f6sterecektir. \u00d6rne\u011fin sa\u011f kanad\u0131n\u0131z sol kanada g\u00f6re a\u011f\u0131r ise u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z sa\u011fa yat\u0131\u015flarda h\u0131zl\u0131 sola yat\u0131\u015flarda daha yava\u015f hareket edecektir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 in\u015faa ederken m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca dengeli ve hafif in\u015faa edin. E\u011fer emniyetli ve dengeli u\u00e7mak istiyorsan\u0131z CG yi biraz \u00f6ne al\u0131n.Yok biraz akrobatik ve \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131n olmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyorsan\u0131z CG yi biraz geri kayd\u0131r\u0131n.Tercih size kalm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Motor Durmasi (engine Stall) Burada bahsedece\u011fim motor durmas\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn bak\u0131mlar\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f problemsiz bir motorun birden durmas\u0131d\u0131r.\u00d6zellikle kalk\u0131\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve loop atarken ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131za gelen yada gelecek bir durumdur.Motorlar \u00e7e\u015fitli marka ve \u00e7e\u015fitli kalitede oldu\u011fundan ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131za gelmemi\u015f yada gelmeyecek olabilir. G\u00fcne\u015fli bir pazar sabah\u0131 kalkt\u0131n\u0131z, a\u00e7\u0131k p\u0131r\u0131l p\u0131r\u0131l bir g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc,s\u0131f\u0131r r\u00fczgar,g\u00fczel bir kahvalt\u0131.\u00dcstelik e\u015finizde u\u00e7u\u015fa gitme ev i\u015flerine yard\u0131m et diye d\u0131rd\u0131r etmedi , \u00fcstelik hay\u0131rl\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015flar bile dedi : )) Haz\u0131rland\u0131n\u0131z ve do\u011fru piste.Ekipte tamam.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 haz\u0131rlad\u0131n\u0131z.Motor start, ayarlar tamam .U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 tuttunuz, tam gaz verdiniz. Motor homurdanarak devrini ald\u0131 ve v\u0131z\u0131ldamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Sanki motorunuz her zamankinden daha performansl\u0131.Sanki u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 kopar\u0131p alacak gibi.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131n\u0131z .U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ok gibi f\u0131rlad\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131,h\u0131zland\u0131 elevat\u00f6re y\u00fcklendiniz yerden kesildi biraz daha y\u00fcklendiniz t\u0131rmanma a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 derken motor sesi de\u011fi\u015fti ard\u0131ndan durdu.En k\u00f6t\u00fc durumlardan biri.\u0130rtifa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, s\u00fcrat d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, u\u00e7ak sizden uzakla\u015f\u0131yor. Daha da k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131da ya a\u011fa\u00e7lar olur yada bina.Hafif d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f verdiniz.S\u00fcrat d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc ard\u0131ndan stall ve kontrols\u00fcz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f. \u015eansl\u0131 iseniz ufak bir k\u0131r\u0131mla yada hasars\u0131z kurtulursunuz.\u015eans yoksa ge\u00e7mi\u015f olsun.Peki ne oldu ? Her \u015fey yolundayken ne de\u011fi\u015fti de bu duruma d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcn\u00fcz ? Motorunuz neden durdu ? \u00c7ok basit.Bu durum modelcilerin ba\u015f\u0131na iki durumda gelir.Birincisi yukar\u0131da bahsetti\u011fimiz \u00f6zellikle k\u0131sa pist olan yerlerde uygulanan k\u0131sa kalk\u0131\u015f paternin de.Di\u011feride u\u00e7ak yeterince s\u00fcratli de\u011filken at\u0131lmak istenen looplarda olur. Olaya ba\u015ftan ba\u015flayal\u0131m.Motorunuzu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p ayarlad\u0131n\u0131z.Her \u015fey normal. U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 tutarak tam gaz verdiniz.Motorunuz tam gaz \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.Her \u015fey normal.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131n\u0131z.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z b\u00fcy\u00fck bir h\u0131zla ileri f\u0131rlad\u0131.\u0130\u015fte her \u015fey bu an ba\u015flar.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131 ve u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerindeki t\u00fcm ekipmanlar\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r.Buna yak\u0131t\u0131n\u0131zda dahil.Ancak u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z h\u0131zlanmaya ba\u015flay\u0131nca ataletten dolay\u0131 yak\u0131t\u0131n\u0131z geriye gitmek ister.Buda motora giden yak\u0131t miktar\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131na sebep olur. E\u011fer i\u011fneniz fazla k\u0131s\u0131k ise, yak\u0131t hatt\u0131n\u0131z uzun ise,yak\u0131t tank\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n seviyesi karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn alt\u0131nda ise, eksozunuz da ka\u00e7ak varsa ve en k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fc u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 yerden kald\u0131r\u0131rken birden dikleniyorsan\u0131z motora giden yak\u0131t iyice azal\u0131r ve motorunuz devir kaybederek birden durur.\u015eans\u0131n\u0131z varsa motor u\u00e7ak yerden kesilmeden durma belirtisi g\u00f6sterir.Bu durumda hem gaz kesip kalk\u0131\u015ftan vazge\u00e7in.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 geri getirip Eksozunuzun gev\u015fek olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin.Gev\u015fek de\u011filse tam gaz i\u011fnesini bir iki klik a\u00e7\u0131p tekrar kalkmay\u0131 deneyin.E\u011fer problem devam ediyorsa u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 tam gazda de\u011fil de yar\u0131m gazda serbest b\u0131rak\u0131n biraz h\u0131zland\u0131ktan sonra motora yava\u015f\u00e7a gaz verin.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z yerden kesildi\u011finde birden bire diklenmeyin.Ger\u00e7ek u\u00e7aklar gibi yava\u015f yava\u015f irtifa kazan\u0131n. Bu hem motorunuzun durma riskini azalt\u0131r, hem motorunuzun fakir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 azaltarak \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc uzat\u0131r hem de u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n daha \u00e7abuk s\u00fcratlenmesini sa\u011flar.Ayr\u0131ca \u00f6zellikle \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc motorlar\u0131n ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 pervanelerin oldu\u011fu u\u00e7aklarda birden diklenildi\u011finde u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n s\u00fcrati birden d\u00fc\u015fece\u011finden ve AOA a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 bozulaca\u011f\u0131ndan u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z stall olur.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n hakimiyetini kaybedersiniz ve u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z motor torku ve pervane etkisiyle burularak ters d\u00f6n\u00fcp yere \u00e7ak\u0131l\u0131r. Son olarak da imkan\u0131n\u0131z varsa yak\u0131t pompas\u0131 kullan\u0131n.Bu u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131za her zaman ve her \u015fartta yak\u0131t gitmesini sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130kinci olarak u\u00e7ak yeterince s\u00fcratli de\u011filken at\u0131lmak istenen loplarda olur.\u015eartlar yine ayn\u0131.S\u00fcrat d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck .Dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile yak\u0131t\u0131n s\u00fcrati d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck. Bu y\u00fczden birden diklendi\u011finizde yak\u0131t hem yer\u00e7ekimi etkisi ile hem de ataletten motora gitmemek i\u00e7in diren\u00e7 g\u00f6sterir.Sonu\u00e7ta motor durur.Bunun i\u00e7in loopa girmeden \u00f6nce gaz a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n s\u00fcratinin artmas\u0131na izin verin.Daha sonra loopa girin. \u00c7ok keskin looptanda ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n. Sonu\u00e7 olarak u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve motorunuzu tan\u0131y\u0131n.hangi \u015fartlarda nas\u0131l cevap veriyor.Bu sizin k\u00f6t\u00fc sonu\u00e7larla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fman\u0131z\u0131 engelleyecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ne Kadar B\u00fcy\u00fck Motor Yeterli ? Gelen maillerde yada kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m modelcilerin \u00e7o\u011funun sordu\u011fu sordu\u011fu sorulardan bir tanesi de modellerinde kullanacaklar\u0131 motorun g\u00fcc\u00fc hakk\u0131nda. \u00c7o\u011fu modelci \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir motorun u\u00e7aklar\u0131 i\u00e7in daha iyi olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yada daha fazla performans elde edeceklerini sanmaktad\u0131r. Oysa bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce bir yere kadar do\u011fru ancak her zaman do\u011fru de\u011fildir.Her yeni \u00fcr\u00fcn dizayn edilirken \u00f6ncelikle bu \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn sahip olaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zellikler belirlenir. Daha sonra \u00fcr\u00fcn dizayn edilir, prototipi yap\u0131l\u0131p test edilir.\u0130stenen \u00f6zellikleri sa\u011flam\u0131yorsa gerekli d\u00fczeltmeler yada de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yap\u0131l\u0131r. Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olursa \u00fcretime devam edilir. Pazarlama a\u015famas\u0131nda da \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6zellikleri belirtilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin 40 l\u0131k bir trainer modelini \u00f6rnek alal\u0131m. \u00dcretici firma motor hacmini piyasadaki motorlara g\u00f6re belirlemi\u015f ve standard\u0131n\u0131 koymu\u015ftur.Hatta modelini de\u011fi\u015fik motorlarla deneyerek motor markas\u0131n\u0131 bile tavsiye eder.\u00dcretici derki bu model 35 -45 lik motorla u\u00e7ar. Pekala biz bu u\u00e7a\u011fa daha iyi u\u00e7sun diye 52 lik yada 61 lik bir motor takarsan\u0131z ne olur ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1. <\/strong> Motor dizayn edilen u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n motor \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerinden b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artacak,ayr\u0131ca CG yi dengelemek i\u00e7in a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k eklemek zorunda kalabileceksiniz.Buda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dolay\u0131 ile stall s\u00fcratini artt\u0131racakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2. <\/strong> U\u00e7ak max. dizayn s\u00fcratinden daha s\u00fcratli u\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131ndan u\u00e7ak daha fazla y\u00fck alt\u0131nda olacakt\u0131r.\u00d6zellikle y\u00fcksek s\u00fcratte ani dal\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flarda a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u201cG\u201d kuvveti sebebiyle u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n \u00fczerine fazla y\u00fck bindirece\u011fi i\u00e7in u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z daha \u00e7abuk y\u0131pranacakt\u0131r. Motor ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131, u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131 zay\u0131flayacak hatta u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bu y\u00fcke dayanamay\u0131p \u00f6zellikle kanat katlanmas\u0131 meydana gelebilecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3. <\/strong> U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z daha s\u00fcratli u\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015funu kontrol eden hareketli y\u00fczeyler (aileron, elevat\u00f6r, rudder) daha hassas olacak u\u00e7u\u015funuzu zorla\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r.Hatta s\u00fcratinizin \u00e7ok fazla oldu\u011fu durumlar da kontrol y\u00fczeyleri u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kontrol edemeyecek duruma d\u00fc\u015febilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 4. <\/strong> Motorunuz b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in daha b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 pervane takacaks\u0131n\u0131z.Bu y\u00fczden pervane etkisi artacakt\u0131r.Y\u00fcksek h\u0131zda trim yap\u0131p gaz kesti\u011finizde u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n triminin \u00e7ok bozuldu\u011funu \u00f6zellikle aileron triminde bozulma oldu\u011funu g\u00f6receksiniz.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z y\u00fcksek h\u0131zda normal u\u00e7arken ini\u015fe ge\u00e7ti\u011finiz de u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n triminin bozulup sol kanad\u0131n\u0131 yat\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6receksiniz.Buda ini\u015finizi riske sokacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 5. <\/strong> Motorunuza ani gaz verdi\u011finizde motor torku ve pervane etkisi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z burulacakt\u0131r.\u00d6zellikle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u00fcratte bu sizin i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck tehlike yarat\u0131r.\u00d6rne\u011fin son yakla\u015fmada pisti tam kar\u015f\u0131layamad\u0131n\u0131z s\u00fcratiniz stall s\u00fcratine \u00e7ok yak\u0131n.Pas ge\u00e7mek isteyip gaz a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda modelinizin sol kanad\u0131 hi\u00e7 beklemedi\u011finiz bir bi\u00e7imde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecektir. Hele birde keskin bir y\u00fckseli\u015f kumandas\u0131 verirseniz yand\u0131n\u0131z demektir.U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z burnunu havaya kald\u0131r\u0131p as\u0131l\u0131 kalacak daha siz ne oldu\u011funu anlayamadan soldan ters d\u00f6n\u00fcp kendini yere vuracakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 6.<\/strong> Loop atmaya kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda loopun sonunda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n s\u00fcrati s\u0131f\u0131ra d\u00fc\u015fer. Bu durumda motor genelde tam gaz pozisyonundad\u0131r.Bu y\u00fczden motor ve pervane b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcc\u00fc ile u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 burmak ister.Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ta loopun sonunda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z d\u00fcz u\u00e7u\u015funu bozar ve burulur.Bu hem hareketin g\u00fczelli\u011fini bozar hemde u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 tehlikeye sokar.E\u011fer gaz kesip u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 toplamakta ge\u00e7 kal\u0131rsan\u0131z u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z burun a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 virile girecektir.Gaz kesip kumandalar\u0131 n\u00f6t\u00fcrleyip u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n d\u00fcz u\u00e7u\u015fa ge\u00e7ti\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fckten sonra y\u00fckseli\u015f kumandas\u0131 ile yere paralel u\u00e7u\u015fa ge\u00e7erek gaz a\u00e7mazsan\u0131z b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ihtimalle u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z burun a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yere \u00e7ak\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 7.<\/strong> Kalk\u0131\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z birden h\u0131zlanacakt\u0131r.Sizde buna g\u00fcvenip birden dik bir kalk\u0131\u015f yaparsan\u0131z u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z helikopter gibi havada as\u0131l\u0131 kalacak ve burularak ters d\u00f6n\u00fcp kendini yere vuracakt\u0131r.(5. maddedeki gibi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n ADVERSE YAW ve DE\u011e\u0130\u015eKEN A\u0130LERON KUMANDASI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00dcsten kanatl\u0131 u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek istedi\u011finizde u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z d\u00f6nmemek istiyor ve aksine burnunu yukar\u0131 do\u011fru kald\u0131r\u0131yor mu ? Yada pisti kar\u015f\u0131lamakta g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekiyor musunuz ? D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015flerde u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n burnu sizin istemedi\u011finiz y\u00f6nde mi kal\u0131yor ? \u0130\u015fte yukar\u0131daki problemlerin sebebi adverse yaw olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.Bu b\u00fct\u00fcn u\u00e7aklara etki eden bir unsur olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00fcstten kanatl\u0131 u\u00e7aklarda \u00e7ok belirgin bir durumdur.\u00d6zellikle uzun kanatl\u0131 ve dihedral a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 y\u00fcksek olan \u00fcstten kanatl\u0131 u\u00e7aklarda s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 bir durum al\u0131r.Problem u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in yat\u0131\u015f kumandas\u0131 verdi\u011finizde ba\u015flar.\u00d6rne\u011fin sola d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fte sol kanad\u0131n\u0131z d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f merkezine g\u00f6re i\u00e7te kal\u0131r ve al\u00e7al\u0131r.Sa\u011f kanad\u0131n\u0131z ise d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f merkezine g\u00f6re d\u0131\u015fta kal\u0131r ve y\u00fckselir. \u0130\u015fte d\u0131\u015fta kalan ve y\u00fckselen kanat i\u00e7te kalan ve al\u00e7alan kanada g\u00f6re daha fazla s\u00fcr\u00fcklemeye (drag) sahip oldu\u011fundan u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n burnu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn tersine g\u00f6re d\u00f6nmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve y\u00fckselme g\u00f6sterir.\u0130\u015fte adverse yaw budur.Siz u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a bu durum devam eder. D\u0131\u015fta kalan kanat hala i\u00e7te kalan kanada g\u00f6re daha h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r ve daha fazla s\u00fcr\u00fcklemeye sahiptir.Sonunda d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n burnu yukar\u0131da ve tam istedi\u011finiz y\u00f6nde de\u011fildir.\u00d6zellikle son yakla\u015fmada pisti kar\u015f\u0131lamada zorluk \u00e7ekersiniz ve tekrar tekrar pas ge\u00e7ersiniz.Tabi s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 bir durumdur. Bu durumu d\u00fczeltmenin iki yolu vard\u0131r.Birincisi d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda rudder kullanmak di\u011feri ise de\u011fi\u015fken aileron hareketi (differential aileron trows) vermektir. Birinci olarak rudder kontrol\u00fc vermeyi a\u00e7\u0131klayal\u0131m.Sola d\u00f6n\u00fcyorsan\u0131z sola rudder sa\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fcyorsan\u0131z sa\u011fa rudder kumandas\u0131 vereceksiniz. Verece\u011finiz kumanda miktar\u0131 u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n burnunu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f ekseninde tutacak kadar olmal\u0131d\u0131r.E\u011fer siz acemi iseniz ve ayn\u0131 anda kumanda verme konusunda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekiyorsan\u0131z dijital radyonuz bu konuda size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Radyonuzun ayar k\u0131sm\u0131ndan aileronlarla birlikte rudder kontrol\u00fcne mix yapman\u0131z problemin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcne yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.B\u00f6ylece kumandan\u0131z siz d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f kumandas\u0131 verdi\u011finizde oda sizden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak ruddera d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f kumandas\u0131 verecektir. \u0130kinci \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yolu ise de\u011fi\u015fken aileron kumandas\u0131 vermektir.Burada ama\u00e7 aileronlar\u0131n hareket mesafesini di\u011ferine g\u00f6re k\u0131s\u0131tlayarak s\u00fcr\u00fckleme miktar\u0131n\u0131 ayarlamakt\u0131r.Normalde aileronlar\u0131n hareketini hem a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 hem de yukar\u0131 olacak \u015fekilde ayarlar\u0131z.Ancak burada bunun tam tersini yapaca\u011f\u0131z. D\u00f6nece\u011fimiz y\u00f6ndeki aileronun hareket mesafesi di\u011ferine g\u00f6re daha fazla olacakt\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin sola d\u00f6nerken sol kanad\u0131n aileronu sa\u011f kanada g\u00f6re daha fazla olacakt\u0131r. \u015eimdi bunun ayar\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l yapaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 anlatal\u0131m.\u0130\u015fin p\u00fcf noktas\u0131 servolar\u0131n hareketinin dairesel olmas\u0131,kontrol kolunun ise do\u011frusal hareket etmesidir.Servo koluna pushrod ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda ba\u011flant\u0131 e\u011fer servo koluna 90 derecelik bir a\u00e7\u0131 ile oluyorsa servonun dairesel hareketi sonucu pushrod her iki y\u00f6ne e\u015fit miktarda hareket eder. Ancak biz bunu 90 derece de\u011fil de a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131 olarak takarsak bir a\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok oldu\u011fu y\u00f6nde hareket fazla az oldu\u011fu y\u00f6nde ise az olacakt\u0131r.Resim 1 bunu g\u00f6stermektedir.B\u00f6ylece d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z y\u00f6nde i\u00e7erde kalan kanad\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fcklemesi aileronun fazla hareketi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden daha fazla olacakt\u0131r. Normalde kol servoya her iki tarafa e\u015fit hareket edecek \u015fekilde bir a\u00e7\u0131da ba\u011flan\u0131r.Ancak biz bu aileron tork kolunun ba\u011flant\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirerek aileonun bir y\u00f6nde daha fazla bir y\u00f6nde daha az hareket etmesini sa\u011flar\u0131z.\u015eimdi sa\u011f ailerona g\u00f6re d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnelim. Amac\u0131m\u0131z sa\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fte sa\u011f kanad\u0131n aileronun daha fazla hareket ederek daha fazla s\u00fcr\u00fckleme sa\u011flamas\u0131 ve bu \u015fekilde adverse yaw etkisini azaltmak.Bunun i\u00e7in sa\u011f aileronun kolunun a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 servoya g\u00f6re daha fazla artt\u0131rmam\u0131z laz\u0131m.Yani \u00f6nceden aileron kolu servo mil eksenine g\u00f6re 90 derce ise bunu 120 derceye \u00e7\u0131kartarak kolu u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n arkas\u0131na do\u011fru e\u011fersek servo sa\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f i\u00e7in aileron kumandas\u0131 vermek \u00fczere kolu \u00e7ekti\u011findeki aileronun hareketi sola d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f i\u00e7in verilen hareketten daha fazla olacakt\u0131r.E\u011fer bunu \u00fcstten kanatl\u0131 bir u\u00e7akta oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrsek bu seferde tam tersi y\u00f6ne e\u011fim vermeliyiz.Buna dikkat edin. Pekala pushrod\/bellcrank sistemlerinde ne olacak ? Bunun i\u00e7in resim 3 e bak\u0131n.Burada i\u015fimiz daha kolay.Daima servo kolu \u00e7ekti\u011finde aileron yukar\u0131 kalkacak durumda ba\u011flant\u0131 yap\u0131n.B\u00f6ylece do\u011fal olarak de\u011fi\u015fken aileron hareketi verebilirsiniz.Resimdeki gibi ba\u011flant\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda servo kolu \u00e7ekti\u011findeki mesafe itti\u011findeki mesafeden daha azd\u0131r.B\u00f6ylece de\u011fi\u015fken aileron ayar\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f olursunuz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Model U\u00e7ak Motorlari Genel Bilgiler<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Radyo kontroll\u00fc bir model u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n motoru onun kalbi gibidir.Motorsuz bir model u\u00e7ak tahta,metal ve boya y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir\u015fey de\u011fildir.Motorun performans\u0131 u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n performans\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bunun i\u00e7in model u\u00e7ak motorlar\u0131na \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmelidir.Teknik kitaplara uygun kullan\u0131m,temiz motor yak\u0131t\u0131,uygun ya\u011f ve nitro oran\u0131 motorun daha uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc ve performansl\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle toprak pistte kullan\u0131lan motorlar\u0131n temizli\u011fine \u00e7ok dikkat edilmelidir.Toprak zeminden motorun i\u00e7ine alaca\u011f\u0131 ufac\u0131k toprak yada ta\u015f par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 motorun \u00e7ok hassas olan par\u00e7alar\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck zarar verecektir. B\u00f6ylece motorun hem kullan\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fc d\u00fc\u015fecek hemde performans\u0131 azalacakt\u0131r. Modern model u\u00e7ak motorlar\u0131 iki \u2013 d\u00f6rt zamanl\u0131 yada boks\u00f6r tipi motorlard\u0131r. Glow Plug dedi\u011fimiz \u00f6zel bir buji ve Glow Fuel dedi\u011fimiz model u\u00e7ak yak\u0131t\u0131 sayesinde manyeto,end\u00fcksiyon bobini,platin, distrib\u00fct\u00f6r vb. ara\u00e7lara ihtiya\u00e7 kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Model u\u00e7ak yak\u0131t\u0131 k\u0131saca %80 metil alkol(methanol),%20 hint ya\u011f\u0131 (castor oil) kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan olu\u015fur.Bunun yan\u0131nda motorun performans\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rmak,yanmay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla genelde %5 oran\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak artan oranlarda nitro (nitromethane) eklenir.Metil alkol ana yak\u0131tt\u0131r.Hint ya\u011f\u0131 motoru ya\u011flama g\u00f6revi yapar.Bu g\u00fcnk\u00fc modern yak\u0131tlarda genelde hint ya\u011f\u0131 yerine sentetik ya\u011flar kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rl\u00fc model u\u00e7ak motorlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcleri .049 cu.in. ile 1.2 cu.in.(.80cc ile 20cc) aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.Bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcler modeller i\u00e7in kullanabilece\u011fimiz motor se\u00e7eneklerini bir hayli art\u0131r\u0131r.Daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck model u\u00e7ak motorlar\u0131 (.010 cu.in.\u2019ten\u00fck) vard\u0131r.Ancak bunlar genellikle karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rs\u00fczd\u00fcr.K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck u\u00e7aklarda ve 2 kanall\u0131 u\u00e7aklarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yeni bir motor:<\/strong> Yeni bir motor ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda \u00f6ncelikle harici hasarlara kar\u015f\u0131 kontrol edin.Par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n tam olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131n.\u00dcretici firman\u0131n verdi\u011fi teknik kullanma talimatlar\u0131n\u0131 okuyun.Tavsiye edilen \u015fekilde motor a\u00e7ma (rodaj;Break-in) i\u015flemine ba\u015flay\u0131n.Rodajada tavsiye edilen yak\u0131t\u0131,tavsiye edilen miktarda kullan\u0131n.Tavsiye edilen pervaneyi kullan\u0131n.Pervane belirtilmemi\u015fse pervane tablosunda belirtilen pervanelerden orta seviyede olan\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7in. Motoru rodaj yapmadan kesinlikle u\u00e7a\u011fa tak\u0131p u\u00e7urmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r:<\/strong> Motor \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken motorun ihtiyac\u0131 kadar yak\u0131t-hava kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6ndererek motorun devrini ayarlayan par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Bir karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fc inceledi\u011finizde \u00e7e\u015fitli ayar yerleri g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz.\u0130lk g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpan Gaz koludur.(throttle arm)Gaz kolunada delikli bir mil(barrel)ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.Gaz kolu yakla\u015f\u0131k 45derece ile 90 derece hareket eder.Bu hareket s\u0131ras\u0131nda barrel d\u00f6ner ve i\u00e7eri giren hava miktar\u0131n\u0131 ayarlar.Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak motora giden yak\u0131t hava kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 da de\u011fi\u015fir.Bu de\u011fi\u015fim motor devrini ayarlar. Di\u011fer ayarlar karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn ince (fine tune) ayarlar\u0131d\u0131r. Karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn yan taraf\u0131nda genellikle gaz kolunun ters taraf\u0131nda i\u011fne u\u00e7lu ana ayar vidas\u0131 vard\u0131r. Buna genellikle y\u00fcksek h\u0131z ayar vidas\u0131 (High speed needle valve) denir.Bu ayar motorun maksimum \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 emniyetli devir ayar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu ayar\u0131 fazla k\u0131sarak motoru y\u00fcksek devirde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak motorun ya\u011fs\u0131z kalmas\u0131na,a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131na dolay\u0131siyle motorda fazla a\u015f\u0131nt\u0131 ve y\u0131pranmaya sebep olur. Bu ayar\u0131 yaparken fazla s\u0131karak motoru fakir (lean) \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmamaya \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmelidir. Motora yeteri kadar ya\u011f-yak\u0131t kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n gitmesine m\u00fcsaade edilmeyerek motorun uygun ya\u011flanmas\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Modern ve kaliteli karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rlerde motorun rolanti (idle) ayar\u0131 i\u00e7inde vidal\u0131 i\u011fne bulunur. Bunun yeri genellikle gaz kolunun barrele ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu yerin \u00fczerindedir.Bazen tornavida ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131,bazen de elle ayarlanacak \u015fekilde olabilir.Buradan motorun minimum \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma devri olan rolantisini ayarlan\u0131r. Motor rolanti ile max. devir aras\u0131nda rahat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Son ayar ise barrelin hareket mesafesini ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131 civatad\u0131r. Buradan barrelin en son hangi noktaya kadar kapanaca\u011f\u0131 ayarlan\u0131r.Bazen r\u00f6lanti ayar\u0131n\u0131 ayarlamak i\u00e7inde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.Ancak bu viday\u0131 barrelin tam kapanmas\u0131n\u0131 engelliyecek kadar fazla s\u0131k\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.Kumanda \u00fczerindeki gaz kolu ve trim ayar\u0131 tam kapal\u0131 pozisyonda iken barrelde tam kapal\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r ayarlar\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131rken ayarlamalar azar azar yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u00d6zellikle y\u00fcksek h\u0131z ayar\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131rken en uygun ayar noktas\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu aral\u0131k \u00e7ok k\u0131sa oldu\u011fundan ufak bir ayar fazlal\u0131\u011f\u0131 motorun fakir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na sebep olur.Bu ayar noktas\u0131n\u0131 bulmak zaman zaman zor olabilir.Bu gibi sebeplerden dolay\u0131 modelciler sab\u0131rl\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.Karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r ayar\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131rken e\u011fer motor tam gaz verildi\u011finde aniden \u00e7ok devir al\u0131p birden stop ediyorsa motora az yak\u0131t gidiyor b\u00f6ylece motor fakir \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor demektir. \u0130\u011fneyi biraz a\u00e7\u0131p zengin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak gerekir.E\u011fer gaz verildi\u011finde motor devir alm\u0131yor,yada biraz devir al\u0131p d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck devirde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsa motora fazla yak\u0131t gidiyor yani zengin \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor demektir.\u0130\u011fneyi biraz k\u0131smak gerekir.E\u011fer gaz verildi\u011finde motor devir almadan stop ediyorsa rolanti ayar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck demektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n PERVANELER<\/strong>: Pervaneler \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc ve \u015fekillerde olabilir.\u00dczerinde iki tane numara vard\u0131r.10\u00d76 gibi.Birinci numara pervanenin \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 verir.\u0130kinci numara pervanenin bir turda ne kadar yol ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder.Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnekte 10 rakam\u0131 pervanenin \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131n 10 in\u00e7 oldu\u011funu, 6 rakam\u0131da bir turda 6 in\u00e7 yol ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Genel Motor \u00e7ali\u015ftirma Problemleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n ATE\u015eLEME OLMAMASI:<\/strong> Bozuk yada zay\u0131f pil.,k\u00f6t\u00fc elektrik ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131, yanm\u0131\u015f buji. Bujinin elektrik verildi\u011finde k\u0131zar\u0131p k\u0131zarmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol et.(Parlak k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 olmal\u0131)E\u011fer yukar\u0131dakiler tamamsa yak\u0131t gelmiyordur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n MOTOR \u00c7ALI\u015eIYOR,DEVR\u0130 D\u00dc\u015e\u00dcYOR VE STOP ED\u0130YOR<\/strong>: Motor \u00e7ok zengin \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.\u0130\u011fne valfi kapat.Motoru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Motor \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p tam devir al\u0131p daha sonra stop edecektir.Motor \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131ncaya kadar birka\u00e7 kez \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece motorun i\u00e7indeki fazla yak\u0131t at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur.Daha sonra i\u011fne valfi tekrar a\u00e7. Motoru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak ayar\u0131n\u0131 yap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n MOTOR D\u00dc\u015e\u00dcK G\u00dc\u00c7TE \u00c7ALI\u015eIYOR,B\u0130RKA\u00c7 SAN\u0130YE \u00c7ALI\u015eIP STOP ED\u0130YOR:<\/strong> Motora yeterli yak\u0131t gelmiyor,motor \u00e7ok fakir \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.\u0130\u011fne valfi \u00e7ok az a\u00e7\u0131p motoru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.Devam ediyorsa biraz daha a\u00e7\u0131n. E\u011fer problem devem ediyorsa ba\u015fka yerlerde problem var demektir.Karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn temiz oldu\u011fundan ,karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rde t\u0131kanma olup olamad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun.Gerekiyorsa yak\u0131t hatt\u0131n\u0131 ve tank\u0131n\u0131 temizleyin.Yak\u0131t hortumunun herhangi bir yerde s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131p s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olup.<\/p>\n\n\n\n MOTOR ZOR D\u00d6N\u00dcYOR,\u00c7ALI\u015eMIYOR YADA H\u0130\u00c7 D\u00d6NM\u00dcYOR:<\/strong> Motorunuz bo\u011fulmu\u015ftur.(Flooded) \u0130\u011fne valfi tamamen kapay\u0131n ve bujiyi s\u00f6k\u00fcn.Motoru ters \u00e7evirip,pervaneyi birka\u00e7 tur d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcn.B\u00f6ylece i\u00e7erideki yak\u0131t\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131 atars\u0131n\u0131z.Bujiyi kurutup yerine tak\u0131n.\u0130\u011fne valfi ayarl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.\u0130lk anda motoru fakir tutun.Fakir motoru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak daha kolayd\u0131r. \u0130\u011fneyi fazla a\u00e7arak motorun tekrar bo\u011fulmamas\u0131na dikkat edin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n MOTOR T\u0130TRE\u015e\u0130ML\u0130 \u00c7ALI\u015eIYOR:<\/strong> Pervane balanss\u0131zd\u0131r. Krank mili e\u011fri olabilir. (\u00d6zellikle kazalardan sonra). Spinnerde problem vard\u0131r.Motor bilyalar\u0131 a\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Motor Kisaltmalarinin Anlamlari<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n ABC:<\/strong> Bu harfler motorun al\u00fcminyum,pirin\u00e7 ve kompozit yada kromdan yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir.Bu motorlarda y\u00fcksek performans sa\u011flamas\u0131 i\u00e7in compozit yada krom kapl\u0131 pirin\u00e7 silindir g\u00f6mle\u011fi ve al\u00fcminyum piston vard\u0131r.Piston \u00fczerinde sekman yoktur.Bu motorlar\u0131 elle \u00e7evirmek zordur.Piston ve silindir aras\u0131ndaki bo\u015fluk \u00e7ok azd\u0131r.Bu y\u00fczden bu motorlar\u0131n rodaj\u0131na \u00e7ok dikkat edilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n BB:<\/strong> Bu harfler motorun krank milinin bilyal\u0131 yatakla yatakland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir.B\u00f6yle motorlar daha sessiz,daha performansl\u0131 ve uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n FOUR-STROKE:<\/strong> D\u00f6rt zamanl\u0131 motor demektir.D\u00f6rt zamanl\u0131 motorlar\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fc ayn\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki iki zamanl\u0131 motorlara g\u00f6re d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen baz\u0131 avantajlar\u0131da vard\u0131r.\u00d6ncelikle susturucu ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 yoktur ve daha sessizdirler.daha b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apta pervane kullan\u0131rlar.Buda b\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fd\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131zda u\u00e7an scale modeller i\u00e7in \u00e7ok uygun olmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.B\u00fcy\u00fck pervane \u00e7apl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck cowllu modellerde \u00e7ok kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r.Son olarakta daha az yak\u0131t t\u00fcketirler.Ancak daha pahal\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n LAPPED:<\/strong> Pistonlar\u0131n ,motorda kompresyonu sekmans\u0131z olarak yapmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u00fcretim \u015fekli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n LONG_STROKE:<\/strong> Pistonun silindir i\u00e7erisinde hareket etti\u011fi mesafenin (Kurs boyunun) uzun olmas\u0131d\u0131r.Motora y\u00fcksek tork(d\u00f6nd\u00fcrme g\u00fcc\u00fc) sa\u011flar.Bu motorlarda Schnuerle port ve bilyal\u0131 yatak standartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n RE:<\/strong> Bu harfler eksozun motorun arkas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu ifade eder.Butip motorlar genelde patern u\u00e7aklar\u0131nda ve eksozun u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6vdesinin i\u00e7ine kondu\u011fu durumlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.Ducted fanl\u0131 u\u00e7aklar\u0131nda motorlar\u0131n\u0131n eksozu arkadad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SCHNUERLE PORT:<\/strong> \u0130ki zamanl\u0131 motorlarda \u00e7ek valflerin yerine,\u00f6zel yap\u0131m ortas\u0131 delinmi\u015f krank mili kullanarak krank milini \u00e7ek valf gibi kullanan motor yap\u0131s\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Uygun Buji (glow Plug) Se\u00e7imi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Bir\u00e7ok modelci buji se\u00e7imine dikkat etmemektedir.Oysa buji motorun \u00f6nemli par\u00e7alar\u0131ndan birisidir.Bujiler \u00f6ncelikle uzun (long reach glow plug) ve k\u0131sa (short reach glow plug) buji diye ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r.ayr\u0131ca bunlarda de\u011fi\u015fik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131na sahiptirler.Bu konu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131km\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesine ra\u011fmen basittir.\u00d6ncelikle buji olarak motorunuzun \u00fcretici firmas\u0131n\u0131n tavsiye etti\u011fi tip ve marka buji kullan\u0131n. Genellikle .19 in\u00e7 k\u00fcp hacimden k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck motorlarda k\u0131sa buji kullan\u0131l\u0131r.Bu hacmin \u00fczerindeki motorlarda ise uzun buji kullan\u0131l\u0131r.Bujilere bak\u0131larak uzun yada k\u0131sa oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131labilir. Motorunuzun silindir kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6k\u00fcn.E\u011fer buji kapa\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7inde kal\u0131yor ise k\u0131sa,yok bir miktar kapaktan d\u0131\u015far\u0131 yanma odas\u0131na do\u011fru ta\u015f\u0131yor ise uzun tipte bujidir. K\u0131sa bujiler uzun bujilerin yerine kullan\u0131labilir.Bu motora zarar vermez. Ancak birka\u00e7y\u00fcz devir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne sebep olabilir. Uzun tip bujileri k\u0131sa tip bujilerin yerine kullanmak iyi bir fikir de\u011fildir.\u00c7\u00fcnki uzun tip bujiler \u00f6zellikle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck hacimli motorlarda s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oran\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131na buda erken ate\u015flemeye sebep olacakt\u0131r.Erken ate\u015flemede motor performans\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesine ve motorun fazla \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131na sebep olarak motora zarar verecektir. \u00c7o\u011fu buji \u00fcreticisi farkl\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan buji \u00fcretir.Buda insanlar\u0131n kafas\u0131n\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.Hangi s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011ferindeki bujiyi kullanmaya karar vermemizi zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.Bunun i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 tipte bujiyi deneyerek karar vermeliyiz. \u015eu anda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z glow plugl\u0131 motorlar yar\u0131 dizel teorisine g\u00f6re s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma\/ate\u015fleme prensibine g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.Yak\u0131t hava kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0131s\u0131n\u0131r.S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oran\u0131 sonucunda artan s\u0131cakl\u0131k tutu\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na eri\u015fti\u011finde ate\u015fleme meydana gelir.\u00c7o\u011fu dizel motorunda s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oran\u0131 22:1 oran\u0131na yak\u0131nd\u0131r.Oysa model u\u00e7ak motorlar\u0131nda bu oran 7:1 ila 9:1 aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.Bu s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oran\u0131 dizeldeki gibi yak\u0131t-hava kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ate\u015fleyecek kadar bir s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa eri\u015fmemizi sa\u011flayamaz.Bu noktada glow plug (buji) yard\u0131m\u0131m\u0131za ko\u015far.Motorun ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda bir batarya ile buji \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Bunu bujinin \u00fczerindeki platin elementi sa\u011flar.Platin elementin \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7en elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 \u0131s\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr ve d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0131s\u0131nan buji elementi portakal rengi halinial\u0131r.Motor \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra yanma sonras\u0131 ortaya s\u0131kan \u0131s\u0131 art\u0131 platin elementin katalitik etkisi ve yak\u0131t\u0131n i\u00e7indeki metanol(metilalkol) bujinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Motorun s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oran\u0131 ile birlikte bujinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kullan\u0131lan yak\u0131t\u0131n cinsi yanman\u0131n nezaman olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirler.E\u011fer s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oran\u0131 fazla olursa yada buji fazla s\u0131cak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsa 2 zamanl\u0131 motorlarda erken ate\u015flemeye,4 zamanl\u0131 motorlarda vuruntu ve patlamal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya sebep olur.Buda a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nmaya , g\u00fc\u00e7kayb\u0131na ve zamanla motorun zarar g\u00f6rmesine sebep olur. Ate\u015fleme noktas\u0131na etki eden bir di\u011fer fakt\u00f6rde rutubettir.Havadaki yada yak\u0131t i\u00e7ersindeki rutubet s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirir.Bu y\u00fczden erken ate\u015fleme ve vuruntu olur. \u00d6zellikle yak\u0131t\u0131n i\u00e7ine su kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7inyak\u0131t tank\u0131n\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 daima s\u0131k\u0131ca kapal\u0131 tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u00e7\u00fcnki yak\u0131t\u0131n i\u00e7ersindeki metanol havadaki rutubeti s\u00fcnger gibi emer.b\u00fct\u00fcn bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalara g\u00f6re do\u011fru buji ve yak\u0131t kombinasyonunu se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in ne yapmal\u0131y\u0131z ? E\u011fer motor \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p buji \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinden ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda motor devrinde bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyorsa bujinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.Daha s\u0131cak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir buji deneyin yada daha y\u00fcksek oranda nitrometanl\u0131 yak\u0131t kullann\u0131n.E\u011fer nitro oran\u0131 \u00fcretici firman\u0131n verdi\u011fi maksimum orana ula\u015fm\u0131\u015fsa tek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm daha s\u0131cak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bujidir. Di\u011fer yandan motoru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p buji \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131r\u0131p motoru biraz fakir \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda 2 zamanl\u0131 motorlarda k\u0131zaran yumurta sesine benzeyen bir c\u0131z\u0131rt\u0131 sesi,4 zamanl\u0131 motorlarda tak\u0131rt\u0131 benzeri bir ses duyuyorsan\u0131z daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kta bir buji yada daha az nitrolu yak\u0131t deneyin. Motor \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ktan ve buji \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ayr\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra motorda c\u0131z\u0131rt\u0131,erken ate\u015fleme ve vuruntu yoksa ve motor kategorisinin performans\u0131 veriyorsa ,bu buji yak\u0131t kombinasyonu uygun demektir. Bu durumda ba\u015fka bir buji tak\u0131p motorun performans\u0131n\u0131n dahada artaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beklemek yanl\u0131\u015f olur. Bu arada tuned pipe tipi eksozlar,y\u00fcksek oranda nitro ve motordaki titre\u015fimler buji elementine etki ederek buji \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc azalt\u0131rlar.Bu y\u00fczden \u00f6zellikle y\u00fcksek nitro oran\u0131 ve titre\u015fimlere dikkat etmek gerekir.Gere\u011finden fazla nitro kullan\u0131m\u0131 (\u00f6zel durumlar hari\u00e7) balanss\u0131z spinner ve pervane kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bujiler (glow Plug\u2019s) Neden Yanar ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Motorunuzdaki ana ate\u015fleme sistemi bujilerdir.(Glow Plug) Di\u011fer \u00f6nemli \u00f6\u011fe ise kompresyon yani s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmad\u0131r.Buji ve kompresyon ortak olarak yak\u0131t hava kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ne zaman yanmaya ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirler.Bunlardaki bir problem motorunuzun d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131na yada hi\u00e7 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131na sebep olur. Ancak motorlardaki esas ate\u015fleme problemlerinin ana kayna\u011f\u0131 bujilerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Neden bujiler problem \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r ? :<\/strong> Bunun d\u00f6rt ana sebebi vard\u0131r. Be\u015finci sebep ise eskimi\u015f\/y\u0131pranm\u0131\u015f bujidir.Bujiler \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in yani \u0131s\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 istenen seviyede tutmak i\u00e7in yak\u0131t\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n i\u00e7indeki alkol\u00fcn sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 katalitik (kimyasal) reaksiyonu kullan\u0131rlar. Bujiler kullan\u0131ld\u0131k\u00e7a\/eskidik\u00e7e buji elementi yanma sonras\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan art\u0131klarla (karbon vb.) kaplan\u0131r. Bu da bujinizin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller. Di\u011fer d\u00f6rt problemin birincisi motorunuzun fazla fakir (lean) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. Fakir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan motor \u00e7ok \u0131s\u0131n\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda buji elementi yanar, erir yada par\u00e7alan\u0131r. Bu arada gere\u011finden fazla nitro kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 artmas\u0131na sebep olaca\u011f\u0131ndan hem bujinize hem de motorunuza zarar verecektir. Fazla batarya voltaj\u0131 da (max.1.5 volt) bujinizin can d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131d\u0131r. 1.5 voltun \u00fczerindeki voltaj bujinizi yakar.1.5 volta yak\u0131n voltajlar hemen bujinizi yakmasa bile \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde k\u0131salt\u0131r.Fazla voltaj demek bujinizin \u00fczerinden fazla ak\u0131m ge\u00e7mesi demektir.Dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile buji fazla \u0131s\u0131nacak demektir. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131 buji elementinin erimesine sebep olur. Metallerin boyu \u0131s\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a uzar.Buji elementinin flamanlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki bo\u015fluk \u00e7ok azd\u0131r. Is\u0131nd\u0131k\u00e7a element birbirine yakla\u015f\u0131r, yakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a \u0131s\u0131 artar. En sonunda buji yanar.Ayr\u0131ca \u0131s\u0131 metalin dayan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 azal\u0131r. Hatta baz\u0131 arkada\u015flar buji daha iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fs\u0131n diye buji flaman\u0131n\u0131n aralar\u0131n\u0131 birbirine yakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bu sadece bujinin yanmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca fazla k\u0131zg\u0131n buji erken ate\u015flemelere sebep olur.Bataryan\u0131z bujiyi parlak portakal rengi yada k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ya yak\u0131n portakal rengi alacak kadar \u0131s\u0131tmal\u0131d\u0131r.E\u011fer beyaza yak\u0131n bir renk al\u0131yorsa buji yak\u0131nda yanacak demektir. Bunu kontrol etmek i\u00e7in bujinizi s\u00f6k\u00fcn ve bataryay\u0131 ba\u011flay\u0131n.Buji elementinin parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin. E\u011fer 1.2 voltluk \u015farjl\u0131 pil kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z kontrole gerek yok. Ancak 1.5 voltluk pil yada power panel kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z mutlaka bujinizin rengini kontrol edip ona g\u00f6re ayarlama yap\u0131n.Power panelinizin g\u00f6stergesine g\u00fcvenmeyin. Muhakkak buji parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn. Bu arada kesinlikle 12 volt vererek yada pilleri birbirine seri ba\u011flay\u0131p bujiyi \u0131s\u0131tmaya kalkmay\u0131n. Bujinizi yakmaktan ba\u015fka bir i\u015fe yaramaz.Di\u011fer bir sebep motorunuzdaki titre\u015fimdir. Balans\u0131 ayarlanmam\u0131\u015f pervane, hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f spinner, gev\u015fek motor ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131, e\u011fri krank mili (U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fckten sonra pervaneyi ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z mili kontrol edin.) vb. durumlar titre\u015fime sebep olurlar. Bu titre\u015fim zamanla \u0131s\u0131 etkisi ile birle\u015ferek buji elementinin kopmas\u0131na sebep olur. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda bujinin kirlenmesi de bujinin \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc azalt\u0131r. Buji elementi \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olup, \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir yuvan\u0131n i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Havadan yada yak\u0131ttan gelen pislikler, motor yataklar\u0131ndan ve zamanla a\u015f\u0131nma sonucu piston ve g\u00f6mlek y\u00fczeyinden kopan mikron seviyesindeki metal par\u00e7ac\u0131klar ve yanma sonucu motorda olu\u015fan karbon buji \u00fczerinde toplanarak bozulmas\u0131na sebep olur. Yine bunun yan\u0131nda piston ve yanma odas\u0131nda zamanla olu\u015fan karbon birikintileri kopup bujiye \u00e7arparak zarar verir. Kaliteli bir buji d\u00fczinelerce u\u00e7u\u015fta problem \u00e7\u0131kartmamal\u0131d\u0131r.E\u011fer k\u0131sa zamanda bujiniz yan\u0131yorsa bunu mutlaka ara\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Motor Hava Ka\u00e7aklari<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Neden eski motorlar iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaz ? Neden Bir motor \u00e7ok iyide olsa ayarlamas\u0131 ve d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 zordur ? Neden baz\u0131 motorlar havada u\u00e7a\u011fa y\u00fckseli\u015f kumandas\u0131 verildi\u011finde s\u00fcrekli fakir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flar ? Yukar\u0131daki sorulara verilecek y\u00fczlerce cevap vard\u0131r.Fakat en iyi cevap motorunuzda olan bir hava ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. ilk \u00f6nce baz\u0131 temel konular\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayal\u0131m. Do\u011fal olarak yanma odas\u0131nda kompresyonu (BASINCI) tutabilmek i\u00e7in silindir kapa\u011f\u0131 ve slindir blo\u011fu aras\u0131nda iyi bir s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131k sa\u011flamal\u0131y\u0131z. Fakat iki zamanl\u0131 motorlarda krank mili ile yatakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yatak aras\u0131ndada s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131k sa\u011flamal\u0131y\u0131z. D\u00f6rt zamanl\u0131 motorlar hari\u00e7 iki zamanl\u0131 motorlar krank milini bir pompa olarak kullan\u0131rlar. Piston yukar\u0131 do\u011fru hareket ederken \u00f6n\u00fcndeki yak\u0131t hava kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bu arada piston krank milinin bulundu\u011fu karter k\u0131sm\u0131ndan yukar\u0131 do\u011fru hareket etti\u011fi i\u00e7in bu alanda hacim bo\u015falmas\u0131, dolay\u0131siyle vakum olu\u015fur. Bu vakum o anda a\u00e7\u0131k olan krank milinin \u00fczerinden d\u0131\u015far\u0131daki havay\u0131 emer. Bu esnada piston \u00fcst \u00f6l\u00fc noktaya geldi\u011finde krank mili d\u00f6nerek karb\u00fcrata\u00f6r\u00fcn alt\u0131ndaki deli\u011fi kapat\u0131r.Yani yeni yak\u0131t hava kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 pistonun alt\u0131ndaki ve karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r aras\u0131ndaki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde kapal\u0131 kal\u0131r. Ate\u015fleme olup piston tekrar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 inerken alt\u0131ndaki yak\u0131t hava kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.Piston a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 inerken \u00f6nce eksoz portunu sonra emme portunu a\u00e7ar.Bu esnada a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da s\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m bas\u0131n\u00e7la emme portundan ge\u00e7erek pistonun \u00f6n\u00fcne sevk edilir. Dolay\u0131siyle biz motorumuzdan tam verim alabilmek i\u00e7in sadece yanma odas\u0131nda, silindir kapa\u011f\u0131nda ve buji ba\u011flant\u0131 yerinde s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131\u011fa sahip olmamal\u0131y\u0131z.Bunlara ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olarak krank mili yata\u011f\u0131nda, \u00f6n bilya yada yata\u011f\u0131nda ve motor arka kapa\u011f\u0131ndada s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131k sa\u011flamal\u0131y\u0131z. E\u011fer bunu yapmazsak motorumuza yeterince yak\u0131t hava kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6nderemeyiz. Hem fazla yak\u0131t yakar\u0131z hemde istedi\u011fimiz verimi alamay\u0131z. Fakat hava ka\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n ana kayna\u011f\u0131 karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rlerdir.Bu y\u00fczden ilk olarak karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r hava ka\u00e7aklar\u0131na bakmal\u0131y\u0131z(Bkz). \u00d6ncelikle karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r ile motorun ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktadaki s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kontrol edin. Yukar\u0131daki problemler genellikle y\u0131pranm\u0131\u015f motorlarda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.Karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r \u00fczerindeki ka\u00e7aklar\u0131 bulmak zordur.Karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r \u00fczerinde bas\u0131n\u00e7 de\u011filde vakum oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bir ka\u00e7ak varsa bu yak\u0131t yada ya\u011f s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bir hava ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmez.Motora ilaveten baz\u0131 hava ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 noktalar\u0131 vard\u0131r.Bunlar\u0131 yak\u0131t hortumlar\u0131ndaki, yak\u0131t deposundaki ve eksoz ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131ndaki ka\u00e7aklar olarak s\u0131ralayabiliriz. E\u011fer motorunuzdan tam verim almay\u0131 ve d\u00fczenli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 istiyorsan\u0131z bu ka\u00e7aklara dikkat etmeli ve bunlar\u0131 en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede gidermelisiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r Ka\u00e7aklari \u00d6ncelikle karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 motorumuza ne gibi etki yapar onu a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yal\u0131m.Karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r motorun yak\u0131t sistemi par\u00e7as\u0131 olup motorun de\u011fi\u015fik devirlerde ihtiyac\u0131 olan yak\u0131t hava kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ayarlar. Karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r negatif bas\u0131n\u00e7 yani vakum etkisi ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.Dolay\u0131siyle karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r \u00fczerindeki bir ka\u00e7ak noktas\u0131 karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller.Bu motorun d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131na bazen hi\u00e7 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131na, ayar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne, yak\u0131t gelmemesine ve en k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fc fakir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na sebep olur. E\u011fer karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fczde bir ka\u00e7ak varsa ve yerde bunu fark etmemi\u015fseniz havada iken motorunuz mutlaka fakir \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak, buda motorunuza zarar verecektir yada havada stop edecektir. Tabiki bunu hi\u00e7 kimse istemez. \u00c7e\u015fitli karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r dizaynlar\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitleri vard\u0131r. Bu karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rlerinde kendine has hava ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 yapan noktalar\u0131 vard\u0131r.Dolay\u0131siyle de\u011fi\u015fik tamir yollar\u0131 vard\u0131r.Burada bu konulara de\u011finip belli markalar hakk\u0131nda bilgi verece\u011fiz. \u00d6ncelikle hava ka\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l tespit edece\u011fimizden bahsedelim. Yak\u0131t hatlar\u0131nda ka\u00e7ak olamad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan eminseniz ve yak\u0131t deponuz tam dolu iken karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131zla kapat\u0131p motoru d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7evirdi\u011finizde yak\u0131t gelmiyor yada yak\u0131t hava kabarc\u0131klar\u0131 ile geliyorsa karb\u00fcrat\u00f6t\u00fcrn\u00fczde ka\u00e7ak vard\u0131r. Daha sonra karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc motorunuzdan s\u00f6k\u00fcp yak\u0131t giri\u015f ucuna uzun bir yak\u0131t hortumu ba\u011fl\u0131yarak resimdeki gibi parmaklar\u0131n\u0131zla karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn hava giri\u015f ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f deliklerini kapatarak suya dald\u0131r\u0131n. Daha sonra yak\u0131t giri\u015fine ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z hortumdan \u00fcfleyin.\u00c7\u0131kan hava kabarc\u0131klar\u0131 size ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n nerede oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterecektir.E\u011fer hava kabarc\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck ise ka\u00e7ak b\u00fcy\u00fck demektir.Daha sonra karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc kurutup ya\u011flamay\u0131 unutmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r-Krank Yata\u011f\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> OS, ASP, MAGNUM, ROYAL, IRVINE ve benzeri marka karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rlerde motorun ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde \u201cO\u201d Ring kullan\u0131r.Buradaki ka\u00e7aklar karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r yerine tak\u0131l\u0131rken, karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00fczerine biraz bas\u0131n\u00e7 uygulayarak oringi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak, oring k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck geliyor yada eskimi\u015fse yeni oring yada bir numara daha kal\u0131n oring kullanarak, \u00e7ift oring kullanarak probleminizi giderebilirsiniz.Ayr\u0131ca karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn alt k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 z\u0131mparalar yada e\u011felerseniz i\u00e7eriye do\u011fru daha fazla girerek oring \u00fczerine daha fazla bask\u0131 yapacakt\u0131r. FOX Karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rlerin kendine has kare \u015feklinde ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131nda silikon kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Kullanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bu silikon y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131ya dayan\u0131kl\u0131 t\u00fcr olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Y\u00fcksek H\u0131z Ayar \u0130\u011fnesi:<\/strong> Bu karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rlerin \u00e7e\u015fitlerine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015febilen bir problemdir.\u00c7\u00fcnki \u00e7o\u011fu karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r \u00fcreticisi i\u011fnenin di\u015fleri ile yata\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda biraz bo\u015fluk b\u0131rak\u0131r. Bu bo\u015fluk zamanla ka\u00e7a\u011fa sebep olur. Bunu engellemek i\u00e7in FOX, baz\u0131 K&B ve OS FP serisi motorlarda karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rle i\u011fne aras\u0131na k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir par\u00e7a yak\u0131t hortumu koyarak ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 engelleyebilirsiniz.(Resme bak\u0131n\u0131z) Baz\u0131 pahal\u0131 Os ve benzeri karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rlerde \u00fcretici firma i\u011fnenin di\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131 ile hareket etti\u011fi yata\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131na k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir oring koymu\u015ftur. Bu oringin durumunu zaman zaman kontrol ederek s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck H\u0131z (R\u00f6lanti) Ayar \u0130\u011fnesi:<\/strong> FOX karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rlerde durum y\u00fcksek h\u0131z i\u011fnesinde oldu\u011fu gibidir.Di\u011fer karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rlerde \u00f6zel bir conta yada silikon conta olabilir.zaman zaman kontrol ederek s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yak\u0131t Giri\u015f Ucu:<\/strong> FOX motorlarda sadece vidal\u0131d\u0131r.S\u0131k\u0131lay\u0131n yada locklite kullan\u0131n.Di\u011fer markalarda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir conta mevcuttur.Y\u0131rt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yada zedelenmi\u015fse de\u011fi\u015ftirin.\u00c7\u00fcnki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fck bir conta b\u00fcy\u00fck problemlere sebep olur.Bunun yan\u0131nda ayn\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahip eksoz \u00fczerindeki yak\u0131t tank\u0131 i\u00e7in gaz tazyi\u011fi ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ucunda s\u0131zd\u0131rmaz oldu\u011funu kontrol edin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Barel Ayar Vidas\u0131:<\/strong> Kolayl\u0131kla problem olabilen bir par\u00e7ad\u0131r.\u00c7o\u011fu karb\u00fcrat\u00f6rde alt\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir conta vard\u0131r.Zamanla y\u0131pranarak problem yaratabilir. FOX ve K&B motorlarda alt\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir yay bulunur.Bu titre\u015fimden vidan\u0131n gev\u015femesini engellemek i\u00e7indir.Bu vidan\u0131n oldu\u011fu yerde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir conta yada locklite kullanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Barel \u0130le Karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r Aras\u0131ndaki Bo\u015fluk:<\/strong> D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131z (r\u00f6lanti) ayar i\u011fnesinin oldu\u011fu tarafta barel ile karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn temas noktas\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.Baz\u0131 \u00fcreticiler burda kapal\u0131 \u00f6zel bir conta kullanabilir. Ancak genellikle a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.Baz\u0131lar\u0131 ise barel yuvas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131na bir kanal a\u00e7arak oring kullanm\u0131\u015f olabilir. E\u011fer burada ka\u00e7ak varsa oringi yada varsa d\u0131\u015ftaki \u00f6zel lastik kapa\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirin. E\u011fer karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fczde bunlar yoksa ve ka\u00e7ak fazla ise karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc de\u011fi\u015ftirmekten ba\u015fka \u00e7areniz yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Motor Bakimi ve Motorunuzun \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc Uzatma Yollari<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Yeni ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z motorunuz birka\u00e7 ay sonra performans\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmeye ba\u015flad\u0131 ve sizde y\u00fcksek h\u0131z i\u011fnesini biraz daha k\u0131smaya ba\u015flad\u0131n\u0131z.Bu durum bir s\u00fcre daha b\u00f6yle devam etti. Ancak motorunuz art\u0131k yeter dedi ve sizin istedi\u011finiz performans\u0131 vermez oldu.Pervaneyi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltt\u00fcn\u00fcz, buji de\u011fi\u015ftirdiniz, yak\u0131t\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdiniz , karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r\u00fc temizlediniz , vesaire,vesaire ancak nafile. Motorunuz \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc doldurdu. Pekala neden k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede motorunuz elden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131? Bunun bir\u00e7ok nedeni var.Burada k\u0131saca bu sebeplerden bahsedece\u011fim.\u00d6ncelikle motorunuzun \u00f6ld\u00fcren \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015fman vard\u0131r.Bunlar y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131, s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme ve yabanc\u0131 madde hasar\u0131d\u0131r.Ancak bu \u00fc\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 haz\u0131rlayan sebepler vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015eimdi tek tek bu konular\u0131 ele alal\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1. Motorun kendisi:<\/strong> Diyeceksiniz ki motorun kendisi \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc nas\u0131l azalt\u0131r.Bunu g\u00fczel bir atas\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz k\u0131saca a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor. \u201d UCUZ ET\u0130N YAHN\u0130S\u0130 TATSIZ OLUR \u201cMotorlar\u0131n fiyatlar\u0131na bakarsan\u0131z farkl\u0131 farkl\u0131d\u0131r.Neden farkl\u0131 farkl\u0131 ? Her firma farkl\u0131 kalitede malzeme,farkl\u0131 \u00fcretim tekni\u011fi ve teknolojisi ,farkl\u0131 \u00fcretim te\u00e7hizat\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131,farkl\u0131 kalite anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u00fcretilen motorlar\u0131n \u00f6m\u00fcrleri de birbirine g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r.Hatta baz\u0131 firmalar \u00fcrettikleri par\u00e7alar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131 bir elemeden ge\u00e7irerek en kusursuz par\u00e7alar\u0131 se\u00e7ip \u00f6zel seri olarak piyasaya s\u00fcrmektedirler.Dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile motorlar\u0131n \u00f6m\u00fcrleri de farkl\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2. Yak\u0131t:<\/strong> Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z yak\u0131t\u0131n kalitesi,i\u00e7indeki ya\u011f ve nitro oran\u0131,yak\u0131t\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n temizli\u011fi motorunuzun \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc direkt olarak etkiler.Kalitesiz bir yak\u0131t yand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda daha az enerji ortaya \u00e7\u0131karacakt\u0131r.Buda motorunuzun performans\u0131n\u0131 azaltacakt\u0131r.Dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile i\u011fneyi biraz daha k\u0131smak zorunda kalacaks\u0131n\u0131z.Buda motora giden ya\u011f miktar\u0131n\u0131 azaltacak ve motorda s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme artacak,s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme ise \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 artt\u0131racak ve motorunuzun \u00f6mr\u00fc yava\u015f yava\u015f azalacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca gere\u011finden fazla nitro ise motorun i\u00e7 \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rarak motorunuzun \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc azaltacakt\u0131r.Gere\u011finden az ya\u011f olur ise ya\u011flama azalaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u015f\u0131nma fazla olacakt\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hemen hemen b\u00fct\u00fcn modelciler yak\u0131t\u0131 motora g\u00f6ndermek i\u00e7in yak\u0131t pompas\u0131 yerine eksoz gaz\u0131n\u0131n bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak yak\u0131t deposunu tazyikleyip yak\u0131t\u0131 motora g\u00f6ndermektedir.Ancak motor i\u00e7ersinde yak\u0131t yand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda geriye bir miktar yak\u0131t ve ya\u011f kalmaktad\u0131r.Bu kalan yak\u0131t ve ya\u011f asidik \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahiptir. Ayr\u0131ca azda olsa metal par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 ihtiva eder.Bizde yak\u0131t tank\u0131n\u0131 tazyiklemek i\u00e7in eksoz bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zdan bu bir miktar asidik ya\u011f ve yak\u0131t tekrar depoya geri giderek temiz yak\u0131ta kar\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.Bu asidik ya\u011f ve yak\u0131t \u00f6zellikle motor bilyalar\u0131nda korozyona sebep olmaktad\u0131r.Korozyonlanan bilya ise hem s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in motor performans\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131r hem de titre\u015fime sebep olarak motorunuzun \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc azalt\u0131r.Bu arada \u015funa da dikkat edin. Her u\u00e7u\u015ftan sonra yak\u0131t\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 tekrar geriye yak\u0131t tank\u0131m\u0131za bo\u015falt\u0131r\u0131z.Bu arada eksozdan u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n deposuna gelen asidik \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahip yak\u0131t ve ya\u011f,u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n deposundan yak\u0131t tank\u0131m\u0131za ge\u00e7er.B\u00f6ylece yak\u0131t tank\u0131m\u0131zda kirlenmeye ba\u015flar. \u0130\u015fte bu y\u00fczden bir-iki hafta sonra yeni yak\u0131t\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n renginin kararmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz.Bunu engellemek i\u00e7in iki ayr\u0131 yak\u0131t tank\u0131 kullan\u0131n . Birincisi temiz yak\u0131t tank\u0131n\u0131z,ikincisi ise kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yak\u0131t tank\u0131n\u0131z olsun.U\u00e7u\u015funuz bittikten sonra motordan bo\u015faltaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z yak\u0131t\u0131 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yak\u0131t tank\u0131na bo\u015falt\u0131n.Temiz yak\u0131tla kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131n.Bir sonraki hafta ilk \u00f6nce kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yak\u0131t tank\u0131ndaki yak\u0131t\u0131 motora ekleyin ve \u00fczerine temiz yak\u0131t tank\u0131ndan yak\u0131t ilave edin.B\u00f6ylelikle yak\u0131t\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n kirlenmesini minimuma indirmi\u015f olursunuz. Yak\u0131t deponuzun a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k b\u0131rakmay\u0131n.Bu yak\u0131t\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n i\u00e7indeki nitro ve metil alkol\u00fcn u\u00e7mas\u0131na sebep olur.Ayr\u0131ca yak\u0131t\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ana maddesi olan metil alkol havadaki rutubeti s\u00fcnger gibi \u00e7eker.B\u00f6ylece yak\u0131t\u0131n\u0131za su kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olur. Buda motorunuzda korozyona sebep olur. Son olarak da hem yak\u0131t deponuzda hem de u\u00e7ak \u00fczerinde yak\u0131t filtresi kullan\u0131n.Bu filtreler motora giden yak\u0131ttaki pislikleri tutaca\u011f\u0131ndan hem istenmeyen anlarda motorun i\u011fnesini t\u0131kayarak motorun durmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller hem de yak\u0131t sisteminde yak\u0131t ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlayarak \u00f6zellikle burun yukar\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015flarda motorun fakir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3. Pervane:<\/strong> Baz\u0131 modelciler \u00f6zellikle motorlar\u0131 yeni iken daha fazla h\u0131z ve performans elde etmek i\u00e7in motorlar\u0131na daha b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 ve ad\u0131ml\u0131 pervaneler takmaktad\u0131rlar. Her pervane \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131n ve ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 motora ekstra y\u00fck getirmektedir. Bunun sonucu olarak i\u011fne biraz daha k\u0131s\u0131lmakta ve motora giden ya\u011f azalmaktad\u0131r. Buda motorun \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc azaltmaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden gere\u011finden fazla b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte pervane kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.bunun tam tersi olarak da gere\u011finden k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck pervanede motorun dizayn edilen devrinden fazla d\u00f6nmesini sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in motor a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131n\u0131r ve s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme artarak motorun \u00f6mr\u00fc azal\u0131r.Ayr\u0131ca pervanenizin balans\u0131 mutlaka yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131.E\u011fer pervaneniz balans yap\u0131yorsa mutlaka de\u011fi\u015ftirin.Bu balans bir s\u00fcre sonra motor bilya ve yataklar\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131na,motor ve u\u00e7ak \u00fczerindeki t\u00fcm ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131n\u0131n gev\u015femesine sebep olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 4. Buji:<\/strong> Uygun olmayan buji kullan\u0131m\u0131 motor devrini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr.Motor performans\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rmak i\u00e7inde i\u011fne k\u0131s\u0131l\u0131r.Buda ya\u011flamay\u0131 azaltarak motorun \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc azalt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca gere\u011finden daha s\u0131cak buji kullan\u0131m\u0131 da motorun s\u0131cak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na sebep olur ve \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 5. Motorun u\u00e7ak \u00fczerindeki yeri:<\/strong> Motoru u\u00e7a\u011fa istedi\u011finiz gibi takabilirsiniz.Ancak dikkat etmeniz gereken husus motorun so\u011fumas\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterli hava ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131d\u0131r.\u00d6zellikle kapal\u0131 cowl i\u00e7inde kalan motorlar\u0131n so\u011futulmas\u0131 problemdir.E\u011fer motorunuzu yeterince so\u011futamazsan\u0131z a\u015f\u0131nma fazla olaca\u011f\u0131ndan motorunuzun \u00f6mr\u00fc azal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 6. Eksoz:<\/strong> Baz\u0131 modelciler motorlar\u0131na farkl\u0131 marka motorlar\u0131n eksozlar\u0131n\u0131 takmaktad\u0131rlar.Yada scale modellerde cowl i\u00e7inde kalan \u00f6zel eksozlar kullanmaktad\u0131rlar.Bu y\u00fczde y\u00fcz yanl\u0131\u015f de\u011fildir.Ancak burada dikkat edilmesi gereken konu kullan\u0131lan eksozun eksoz gaz\u0131n\u0131 tamamiyle d\u0131\u015far\u0131 atabilmesidir. E\u011fer eksoz motordan \u00e7\u0131kan gazlar\u0131 tamamiyle d\u0131\u015far\u0131 atamazsa bu gazlar motor \u00fczeride geri bas\u0131n\u00e7 olu\u015fturarak hem motorun performans\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr hemde motorun daha s\u0131cak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na sebep olur.Buda motorun \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc azalt\u0131r.Ayr\u0131ca eksoz tazyi\u011fi karb\u00fcrat\u00f6re yak\u0131t g\u00f6ndermede yetersiz kal\u0131rsa y\u00fcksek h\u0131zda,\u00f6zellikle burun yukar\u0131 u\u00e7u\u015flarda yak\u0131t ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 azalarak motorunuz fakir \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.Buda motorunuzun \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 7. Spinner:<\/strong> Spinnerleriniz kaliteli ve mutlaka balans\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131.E\u011fer spinneriniz balans yap\u0131yorsa mutlaka de\u011fi\u015ftirin.Bu balans bir s\u00fcre sonra motor bilya ve yataklar\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131na,motor ve u\u00e7ak \u00fczerindeki t\u00fcm ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131n\u0131n gev\u015femesine sebep olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 8. Motor yata\u011f\u0131:<\/strong> Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z motor yata\u011f\u0131 motorunuza uygun b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte ve g\u00fc\u00e7te olmal\u0131d\u0131r.E\u011fer motor yata\u011f\u0131 zay\u0131f kal\u0131yorsa bu motora titre\u015fim yapt\u0131r\u0131r.Buda motorunuzun \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 9. Motor ayarlar\u0131:<\/strong> \u0130ki zamanl\u0131 motorlarda motor ayar\u0131na karb\u00fcrat\u00f6r ayarlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda m\u00fcdahale edemezsiniz.Ancak d\u00f6rt zamanl\u0131 motorlarda zamanlama ayar\u0131 ve s\u00fcpap ayarlar\u0131n\u0131n tam olmas\u0131 gerekir.E\u011fer bunlar yanl\u0131\u015f ise motorunuz ya hararetli \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r yada performans\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olur.Hararetli \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rsa a\u015f\u0131nma fazla olur ve motor \u00f6mr\u00fc azal\u0131r.Performans\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckse i\u011fneyi gere\u011finden fazla k\u0131sars\u0131n\u0131z buda a\u015f\u0131nmaya sebep verir.Ayr\u0131ca her iki tip motorda da y\u00fcksek h\u0131z i\u011fnesini \u00e7ok k\u0131smak motorun fakir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na sebep vererek \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/imuk.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/PRO-EXTRA330S-G-1024x583.jpg\")
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